Sound carrier
A sound carrier ( coll. Also (sound) Preserve ) is a technical medium for the storage and transmission of acoustic signals , especially music and language . Today there is a multitude of different sound carriers, which differ from one another mainly in terms of storage capacity , sound quality, material and size.
The mass production of sound carriers began at the end of the 19th century with the development of the phonograph cylinder ; In the second half of the 20th century, the tape (including compact cassette ) and the record were particularly popular. Despite falling sales, the most important sound carrier today has been the compact disc (CD) since the early 1990s .
Sound carrier directories provide an overview of the history and diversity of the storage media obtained .
List of known sound carriers
The various sound carriers with the date of their market launch:
- Pin roller made of wood or metal (18th century)
- Perforated paper tapes as piano rolls for the orchestrion and other mechanical musical instruments (ca.1883)
- Phonograph cylinder (wax cylinder, 1886)
- Piano roll for self-playing pianos in the form of perforated paper strips for the pianola (approx. 1895)
- Record of shellac (10 inches = 25.4 cm) with a 78 min -1 (1898)
- Self-cut film (late 19th / early 20th century)
- Clay wire (1898)
- double-sided recordable record (1904)
- Piano roll for self-playing pianos standardized according to the Buffalo Convention of 1909
- Sound film ( optical sound ) 1922
- Sound disk ( optical sound organ ) 1925
- Tape ( tape recorder ) 1928
- Tefifon sound tape (1936)
- Dictabelt (1947)
- Vinyl single with microgroove (7 inches = 17.8 cm (actually 17.5 cm), 45 min −1 ) (1947)
- Vinyl long-playing record with microgrooves (LP; 12 inches = 30.5 cm (actually 30 cm), 33 ⅓ min −1 ) (1948)
- Magnetic sound record 1948
- Sound film with magnetic sound 1949
- Clay foil , for example Flexidisc
- Stereo tape (1953) (first stereo sound carrier for end users)
- Stereo long-playing record (1957)
- RCA cassette (1958)
- Ricoh Synchrofax (1959), identical to 3M Sound Page (sound paper)
- Fidelipac / NAB-CARTridge (1959)
- 4-track cassette / Muntz Stereo-Pak CARtridge (1962)
- Compact Cassette (1963)
- Sears Tape Cartridge (~ 1964)
- Sabamobil (1964)
- Sanyo Micro Pack 35 , identical: Channel Master 6546, Westinghouse H29R1 (1964)
- DC-International (1965)
- 8-track cassette (1966)
- PlayTape (1966)
- Minicassette (1967), Microcassette (1969) for dictation machines
- Elcaset (1976)
- Vinyl maxi single (12 inches = 30.5 cm (actually 30 cm), 45 min −1 ) (1976)
- Image plate (1978)
- Compact Disc (CD; 1982)
- 10 ″ vinyl single (10 inches = 25.4 cm (actually 25 cm), 45 min −1 ) (198?)
- Digital audio tape (DAT; 1990)
- Digital Compact Cassette (DCC; 1992)
- Mini-Disc (MD; 1992)
- CD Recordable (CD-R; 1994)
- DVD (approx. 1997)
- Flash memory (1995, Smart Media Card ) (in MP3 players, e.g. CompactFlash , SD card , memory stick etc.)
- Super Audio Compact Disc (SACD; 2001)
- DVD-Audio (2001)
- Music Video Interactive (MVI; 2007)
- Blu-ray (approx. 2006)
Exotics from sound carriers
- Cantata 700 (1965)
- Picocassette (1985)
- Pocket Rockers (ca.1987)
- NT cassette (approx. 1992)
- VinylDisc (2007)
- Reditune (background music system, modified Fidelipac Type C)
See also
- Berlin sound archive
- German music archive
- German broadcast archive
- Data storage
- Music download - an alternative to the distribution of sound carriers
- List of artists with the highest number of records sold worldwide
- List of artists with the highest number of BVMI certified recordings sales
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.stoneworker.ch: Milestones in Communication: A look back at the centuries 1900 to 2000 , accessed on July 21, 2008.
- ↑ Techmoan: It's not a cassette - so what is it? , YouTube, August 23, 2019
- ↑ Techmoan : Forgotten Format: The Sabamobil , YouTube, June 22, 2017
- ↑ Techmoan: Forgotten Format: SANYO Micro-Pack 35 Tape Recorder , YouTube, published on August 31, 2017
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_5DPvPiUMY