Traditional costumes in Pomerania

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Folk costumes from Pomerania , like those of other German cultural landscapes, are embedded in the cultural environment of the landscape. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Pomeranian fishermen and farmers developed traditional costumes with typical cuts, colors and motifs.

The oldest reports on the clothing of the Pomeranian population come from Thomas Kantzow (1505–1545). The news of Kantzow and other chroniclers of traditional costumes mainly concerned the coastal areas from Darß to Lake Leba . The costumes of the Pyritzer Weizacker area were named from the inland .

The painter and costume expert Albert Kretschmer (1825–1891) described clothing from four Pomeranian regions in his work “German Folk Costumes”. Another painter who repeatedly depicted the Pyritz Weizack costume in his village and landscape idylls was Ludwig Most .

Regions

Belbucker peasant costume

After the founding of the Belbuck Abbey near Treptow an der Rega , settlers from Friesland were recruited at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th centuries . Some components of the Belbucker's peasant costume show the connection to the area of ​​origin. The oldest illustrations of the costume come from Wachsmann (around 1800) and from Karl Friedrich Schinkel .

Jamund peasant costume

At the time of the Reformation , the clothes of the farmers and fishermen from the Jamund area near Köslin mainly consisted of long, simple linen smocks. From the 16th century, the festive clothing, also known as the Jamund fishing costume, developed.

Monk good fisherman's costume

This was a work costume that was worn by fishermen on the Mönchgut until the 1940s . A special feature of men's clothing was the wide linen trousers that were worn over boots and dried quickly in the wind.

Weizacker peasant costume

The costume of the farmers from the area of ​​the Pyritzer Weizackers is the most famous folk costume in Pomerania. In the region, which belonged to the settlement area of the Kolbatz monastery in the 13th century , an independent rural cultural area developed. The prosperity of the farmers who cultivated the very fertile soils of this landscape was particularly reflected in their festive clothing. A peasant's wealth was indicated by the number of skirts his wife wore, the opulence of the embroidery on her clothes, and the value of the cloth from which the clothes were tailored. The women wore the costume until the 1920s, the men only on festive days since the 1880s.

Maintenance of tradition

Originals can be found in the collections of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nürnberg - from the important private collection of Oskar Klings, Frankfurt / Main, 1894 - and the National Museum in Stettin . Five representative pairs of traditional costumes, made according to literature studies and the example of old originals, can be viewed in the Pomeranian Center in Lübeck - Travemünde . German and Polish dance and costume groups are working to preserve the heritage that is important for the cultural history of Pomerania.

literature

  • Hildegard Haenel, Ingrid Saenger, Irene Hackbarth (with the assistance of Karl Haenel): Pomeranian folk costumes. Husum 1995, ISBN 3-88042-703-8 . (with instructions for making your own and pattern sheets)
  • Thomas Kantzow: Chronicle of Pomerania in High German dialect. Georg Gaebel (Ed.), Stettin 1897, pp. 414–415.
  • Albert Kretschmer: German national costumes. Leipzig 1864/70 and 2nd edition 1890

Web links