Trdat (architect)

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Trdat ( Armenian Տրդատ ճարտարապետ , * around 950; † 1020 ) Latinized Tiridates, was a famous Armenian architect of the 10th century, who was known for his bicultural working methods for both the architecture of Byzantium and Armenia.

As one of the chief architects of the Bagratid dynasty , Trdat was from Ashot III. , who moved the capital of his kingdom from Kars to Ani in 961 , commissioned the construction of a large number of structures. Ashot III. had new palaces built in Ani at this time and ordered the walls to be rebuilt. When the Catholic was relocated to the Arkina district, a suburb of Ani, Trdat was commissioned to build the Catholicos Palace and the Ani Cathedral , both of which he completed.

South and west sides of Ani Cathedral with the Church of the Savior in the background

The Cathedral of Ani in Armenia was one of the most famous medieval buildings in the Caucasus and is considered a model for a jacketed cross- domed church .

Trdat was entrusted with the reconstruction of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople , which he carried out from the year 989, after parts of the church were destroyed by the great earthquake in the same year. The reconstruction was completed in 994.

Trdat is also credited with building the main churches of the Marmaschen and Sanahin monasteries and the design or supervision of the construction of the Holy Cross Church ( Surb Nshan ), the oldest part of Haghpat Monastery (completed in 991). After completing the Cathedral of Ani, he worked on the palace church of Saint Gregory of King Gagik in Ani. This four-conch complex with a circular gallery, completed in 1001–1005, was a faithful replica of the Zvartnots Cathedral .

literature

  • Christina Maranci: The Architect Trdat. Building Practices and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Byzantium and Armenia . In: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 62, 2003, pp. 294-305.
  • Christina Maranci: Building Domes in Armenia and Byzantium. The Career of the Architect Trdat In: The Return of the Dome: Studies in the History of Ideas. (Symposium) Princeton University, May 11, 2002.
  • Josef Strzygowski : The architecture of the Armenians and Europe . 2 volumes, Vienna 1918, pp. 119–121, 453–454.
  • Patrick Donabédian: The Architect Trdat . In: S. Peter Cowe (Ed.): Ani. World Architectural Heritage of a Medieval Armenian Capital . University of Pennsylvania, 2001, pp. 39-67.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ F. Macler: Armenia. The Kingdom of the Bagratides. The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. IV, p. 161.
  2. ↑ Gevork Nazaryan: The Architecture of Armenia.
  3. ↑ Christina Maranci: The Architect Trdat. Building Practices and Cross-Cultural Exchange in Byzantium and Armenia . In: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 62, 2003, pp. 294-305.
  4. ↑ Hovhanesian, K. The Architect Trdat, Erevan, 1951, pp. 59-83.
personal data
SURNAME Trdat
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Տրդատ թե Արչիտեցտ (Armenian); Tiridates (Latinized)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Armenian architect
DATE OF BIRTH around 950
DATE OF DEATH around 1020