Warth camp military training area
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '58.9 " N , 16 ° 53' 39.2" E
The Warthelager military training area , also known as the Poznan military training area , was built in 1904 on the territory of the Prussian province of Poznan north of the city of Poznan . At that time it was one of the largest and most modern military training areas in the German Empire .
history
The military training area was built on the area of the former manors Morasko and Biedrusko, which were sold to the Prussian state in 1900. These manors belonging to the von Treskow family included the preliminary works and secondary estates :
- Chojnica
- Knishin
- Trzuskotowo
- Tworkowo
- Biedrusko
The training area belonged to the 5th Army Corps with headquarters in Posen .
The settled villages were mostly used as practice villages and almost all received new place names. These place names are based on battlefields of the Franco-German War of 1870/71 and the German-German War of 1866. The following renaming of places was made:
- Knischin = Skalitz
- Trzuskotowo = Wörth
- Tworkowo = Nachod
- Biedrusko = Weissenburg
The troop camp was set up near Weißenburg. The troop camp also included an officers' mess , a standard lightweight structure that was built around the same time on other German military training areas ( Altengrabow , Arys, Döberitz, Hohenlockstedt, Munster). The disused officers' mess is only preserved as a ruin. In contrast, Weissenburg Castle, which was built from 1877 to 1880, has been renovated and now houses catering facilities. The family v. Treskow kept the neighboring manors Chludowo, Radojewo, Owinsk and Wierzonka even after the site was sold.
From 1918 large parts of the Prussian province of Posen were returned to the re-established Polish state . These parts of the area also included the area of the Poznan military training area. From 1918 to 1939 the Polish army used the military training area.
In 1939 the military training area, like the entire area of the former Prussian province of Posen , became part of the German Reich in violation of international law in the course of the German invasion of Poland . The military training area, now located in the so-called Warthegau , was put back into operation by the German Wehrmacht shortly after the end of the fighting . The use by the German military was only 20 years (1904–1918 and 1939–1945), while the Polish army used the space for over 70 years.
In the spring of 1945 the area became the scene of fighting between German troops breaking out of the area of the enclosed fortress Posen and Soviet army units ( Battle of Posen ).
Biedrusko military training area
From 1946 until the beginning of 1994, the Polish army used the site as a Biedrusko military training area. During this period, the area was expanded to include the area of the former Chludowo manor with the following localities:
- Glinienko (German: Weidental)
- Glinno (German: Lehmberg)
- Lagiewnik (German: Erdmannswalde)
Biedrusko Protected Landscape Area
Large parts of the site have been under nature protection since 1994 . The military training area was converted into the Biedrusko landscape protection area as part of a conversion project . The area was designated as a nature reserve by the European Union as part of the Natura 2000 program.
literature
- Władysław Góra, Wojna i okupacja na ziemiach polskich 1939–1945 , Wydawnictwo Książka i Wiedza, Warszawa 1984, ISBN 83-05-11290-X .
