Tschigil
Tschigil or Tschigilen ( Turkish Çiğil , also written Chigil) is the name of a historical Turkic people . The Tschigil originally lived on the Altai and formed part of the later tribal federation of the Kyptschaks . There they were, among others, with the communities of Kimek associated. Sources mention this ethnic group as one of the migratory tribes in the Turkestan region from the 8th to the 13th centuries .
history
When the Kyptschaks moved west in the 6th century, the Chigil initially remained in the Altai region. There they were subjected from 552 by the tribe of the " Turk " under their great khan Bumin Ilkhan .
In the middle of the 7th century, the Chigils were one of three tribal groups that had joined together as a confederation of Karluken , the other two tribes were the Bulak and the Taschlyk. parts of the Tschigil withdrew from the Altai region in a westerly direction and settled near the Aral Sea . They settled between the Turkic tribes of the Türgesch and the Oghusen . With the latter, the Tschigil also waged wars for the few productive pastures in the region.
Other parts of the Chigil settled southwest of the Issyk Kul. There they continued to live according to nomadic tradition between the Taras region and the city of Kashgar .
Parts of the Chigil immigrated to Anatolia during the time of the Seljuks and those who lived in the steppes of Transoxania were subjected to them from the 10th century and became independent again in the 11th century. They appeared in Mahmud al-Kāshgharī as a nomadic tribal federation consisting of three tribes.
In the 13th century the Tschigil appear as vassals of the Khorezm Shah . In 1220, the Chigil were subjugated by the Mongols under Genghis Khan and belonged to the Chagatai Khanate from around 1226 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Türkistan'ın Büyük Türk Boylarından Çiğiller ve Anadolu'da İskân İzleri - Chigils Thouse One of The Big Turkısh Parathies of Turkestan and Their Settlement Tracks ( dergiler.ankara.edu.tr PDF).
- ^ Karluken, Ogusen, Kiptschaken. In: Kazakhstan 2016 Data - Facts - Background. ( botschaft-kaz.de PDF, p. 35).
- ↑ Faruk Sümer : Oğuzlar. Ankara 1967, p. 27 ( docs.google.com ).