Tutulus
In ancient Rome, the tutulus was a special hairstyle , especially worn by the Flaminica , the wife of a state priest known as Flemish . It is a high hairstyle made of twisted or intertwined hair braids that were held with purple ribbons so that it finally had a cone-like shape.
Originally it was an archaic hairstyle dating from the 6th and 5th centuries BC. Known as the simple hairstyle of the Etruscan woman. In historical times, however, the tutulus was a hairstyle of the mater familias , the noble Roman lady and mistress of the house. According to allusions in the literature, the tutulus sometimes seems to have piled up to an astonishing height.
Tutulus also referred to a bonnet or cap in the form of a rounded cone, which was worn as a headgear with a ribbon tied under the chin by the flamines to prevent the head from being accidentally exposed during an ordination. Such caps can also be seen on Etruscan statuettes. However, there are some ambiguities, since several names for priestly headgear have been handed down (besides tutulus there are apex , galerus and albogalerus ), the pictorial representations show different shapes and the exact assignment is therefore difficult.
swell
- Varro , De lingua latina 7, 44
- Festus , De verborum significatione 484
- Tertullian , De pallio 4 extr.
literature
- Katharine A. Esdaile: The Apex or Tutulus in Roman Art. In: The Journal of Roman Studies . Vol. 1, 1911, pp. 212-226.
- Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary. Volume 2. 8th edition 1918. Reprint Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1998, p. 3272 ( online ).
- Renate Kreis-von Schaewen: Tutulus. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VII A, 2, Stuttgart 1948, column 1627 f.
- Anne Viola Siebert : Source analysis remarks on hairstyle and headdresses of Roman priestesses. In: Boreas. Vol. 18, 1995, pp. 78-83.
- Anne Viola Siebert: Tutulus. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 12, Metzler, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-476-01470-3 , column 935 f.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Etruscan bronze statuette with tutulus hairstyle (6th / 5th century BC; Musée des Antiques de Toulouse ).
- ↑ Lukan , Pharsalia 2, 358; Juvenal , Saturae 6,503 ; Statius , Silvae 1, 2, 114.
- ↑ Etruscan bronze statuette with tutulus ( memento of July 13, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) ( Louvre , Paris), accessed on November 23, 2015.