Tyssa walls
Tyssaer Walls ( Tiské stěny in Czech) is a rock town in the west of Bohemian Switzerland not far from the scenic border with the Ore Mountains . The area near the eponymous place Tisá ( Tyssa ) with its up to 30 m high cliffs is one of the biggest tourist attractions in Bohemian Switzerland. The Tyssa walls and the neighboring Bürschlitz walls ( Bürschlické stěny ) are protected as a national nature reserve.
Tourist use
A starting point for a visit to the rock labyrinth is the municipality of Tisá at the foot of the Tyssa walls , a hiking trail leads from the center of the village to the entrance. An entrance fee is required to enter the rock labyrinth. There is a nature trail that leads in the shape of an eight through the bizarre rocks with their imaginative names.
The area is also known as a climbing area steeped in tradition. The development for climbing began around 1908 by German climbers from Dresden and was continued by Czech climbers from the mid-1950s after the Second World War. Today, the climbing sport development is largely complete. The most important climbing peaks are Doggenturm , Beheaded Major , Kurttürme and Januskopf . The important climbing summit Neuberturm , which was formerly located in the Bürschlitz walls , could no longer withstand the progressive erosion in 1981 and collapsed.
Topography and geology
The Tyssa walls are at a height of about 600 m above sea level. They form a row of rocks arranged in a curved line on the south-western edge of the sandstone deposits from the Elbe Sandstone Mountains from the Ore Mountains Demolition on Czech territory. About one kilometer west of them on the outskirts of Tyssa is the coarse and medium-grain muscovite - biotite - orthogneiss of the eastern Ore Mountains region. This also strikes a little to the east on the slope south of the village.
The rocks show a frequent vertical fissure in the vertical, which in many places covers the entire height of the rock. Horizontal weathering can be found in the upper areas and has created some bizarre formations, for example the easily accessible rock called the boletus .
Above the village there are striking Great Tyssa stones, which consist of a northern and southern rock face along a largely still compact plateau. The rock area to the west and angled in a north-westerly direction is known as the Kleine Tyssaer Steine. They are more dissected and lower.
The rocks of the Tyssa walls consist of a predominantly medium-grain sandstone from the lower to middle Turons of the Cretaceous period . Lithostratigraphically they belong to the Weissenberg Formation (Bělohorské souvrství) in the Bohemian Chalk system. The near northern and southern surroundings of the Tyssa walls are covered by diluvial sediments made of clay , sand and rubble containing rocks .
In the sandstone, on narrowly delimited strata horizons, there are higher concentrations of iron minerals, which are predominantly horizontal in the form of yellow to reddish colored stripes. In many places in the area of the lower visible rock zones, small and larger caves as well as isolated tunnels with oval cross-sections, whose walls are often covered with sinter deposits , are striking . They are a legacy of solution processes in the sandstone.
In zones of heavy weathering , the pronounced stratification can be clearly seen at short intervals. These oblique stratification features are relatively common.
South flank of the Tyssa walls with a steep slope to the North Bohemian Basin
Falling blocks in the Great Tyssa Stones
Weathering forms in a tunnel
The Janus head
The symbol of the Tyssa walls: boletus and turtle
The mastiff tower
The mastiff tower
literature
- Albrecht Kittler: Climbing Guide Bohemian Switzerland. Raiza and Tyssaer walls. Publishing house Kittler, Dresden 2007.
- J. Valečka (editor): Geologická mapa ČR. List 02-23 Děčín. 1: 50,000. Český geologický ústav, Praha 1992, ISBN 80-7075-276-9 , call numbers 6, 7, 41, 43.
- Radim Kettner: General geology. Volume 2: Composition of the earth's crust, formation of rocks and deposits. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1959, p. 293.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 47 ' N , 14 ° 2' E