Udomlja lake
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Udomlya lake Удомля |
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|---|---|---|
| Geographical location | Tver Oblast ( Russia ) | |
| Tributaries | Tichomandriza, Owsjanka , Khomutovka, Peswo Lake | |
| Drain | Sescha → Uwer → Msta | |
| Location close to the shore | Udomlja | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 57 ° 56 '12 " N , 35 ° 2' 52" E | |
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| surface | 10.1 km² | |
| length | 7.5 km | |
| width | 3.2 km | |
| Maximum depth | 38 m | |
| Middle deep | 10 m | |
| Catchment area | 400 km² | |
Lake Udomlja ( Russian Удомля Озеро / Udomlja osero , scientific transliteration Ozero Udomlja ) is located in the Udomlja district of the central Russian Oblast of Tver .
With a maximum north-south extension of 7.5 km and a maximum east-west extension of 3.2 km, it occupies a total area of 10.1 km². The water depth is 10 m on average and 38 m at the deepest point. The lake is fed by the rivers Tichomandriza in the north, Ovsyanka in the east and Khomutowka in the south as well as eight other streams; In addition, the water of the neighboring Peswo lake flows into the Udomlja lake, on the one hand through a natural arm of water in the northeast near Bereschok and on the other hand through a formerly natural river course in the east, which was expanded into a canal for the benefit of rafting in the 1920s and in the In the course of the establishment of the nuclear power station Kalinin (from 1974) it was widened again. The lake's only outflow is the Sescha River in the southwest; at him between the villages and Stan Ljubenkowski one in the 20th century -built dam , through which the water level of the lake has risen by one to one and a half meters. There are eight islands in the lake, of which Dvinov Island ( остров Двинов ) on the south bank opposite the settlement of Lyubenkino is the largest.
history
Lake Udomlya played an important role as a traffic route as early as the Middle Ages , as it served as part of the connection between Veliky Novgorod and the Volga region . This path once led over the Ilmen Lake , the rivers Msta , Uwer , Sescha and the Udomlja Lake, first to Lake Peswo and after overcoming the Svetliza Heights via the Svetliza River and Lake Kubytscha to the Mologa , a tributary of the Volga. From 1974 the Kalinin nuclear power plant was built in the area of the south-east bank between the town of Udomlja and the settlement of Rjad, which had a lasting effect on the ecosystem of the Udomlja and the neighboring Peswo lakes through the introduction of cooling water.
Flora and fauna
The shores of the lake are largely unforested, as the forests near the water were cleared in pre-Slavic times. The warming of the water by the adjacent nuclear power plant has led to the extinction of the whitefish , carp and smelt populations as well as to the severe decimation of pike and mildew in the lake. Other fish species found in Lake Udomlja are pikeperch , silver carp and grass carp .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Lake Udomlja in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)