Kalinin nuclear power plant

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Kalinin nuclear power plant
View of the nuclear power plant from the access road (left a cooling tower under construction and a completed cooling tower)
View of the nuclear power plant from the access road (left a cooling tower under construction and a completed cooling tower)
location
Kalinin nuclear power plant (European Russia)
Kalinin nuclear power plant
Coordinates 57 ° 54 '25 "  N , 35 ° 3' 51"  E Coordinates: 57 ° 54 '25 "  N , 35 ° 3' 51"  E
Country: RussiaRussia Russia
Data
Owner: Rose energoatom
Operator: Rose energoatom
Project start: Feb. 1, 1977
Commercial operation: June 12, 1985

Active reactors (gross):

4 (4000 MW)
Energy fed in in 2006: 20,106 GWh
Energy fed in since commissioning: 261,722 GWh
Was standing: 22. July 2013
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
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The Kalinin nuclear power plant ( Russian Калининская АЭС [ listen ? / I ], abbreviation КАЭС , KAES ) is located in Russia , about 260 kilometers northwest of Moscow in the Tver Oblast , near the city of Udomlya . The state-owned company Rosenergoatom is the owner and operator of the power plant . The nuclear power plant covers a large part of the electricity needs of the Tver region, and it is also fed into the power grids of the cities of Moscow, Saint Petersburg and Vladimir . In 2005 the nuclear power plant fed 17.3 billion kilowatt hours into the public grid. The two cooling towers , each 85 meters high, visible from afar, were each constructed in 96 concreting sections. Audio file / audio sample

history

Public Information Center in Udomlja

Construction of the first nuclear reactor began on February 1, 1977, and construction of the second reactor block began on February 1, 1982 . On May 9, 1984, the first reactor block, Kalinin-1, went into operation. On December 3 of the same year, Kalinin-2 followed with commissioning. Construction of Kalinin-3 began on October 1, 1985, and went into operation on December 16, 2004. Construction work on Kalinin-4 began on August 1, 1986; on December 12, 2011, it was put into operation in the presence of Prime Minister Putin . As things stand, it is planned to take the first reactor block off the grid again in 2014.

The net output of the four reactors is 950 megawatts  (MW) each, the gross output is 1,000 MW. The thermal output is 3,200 MW. The four reactor blocks are pressurized water reactors of Russian design, so-called VVER . The VVER-1000 reactors are the third series of the VVER, which were once among the most modern in the Russian nuclear industry. Reactor blocks one and two are VVER-1000/338 models, and blocks three and four are VVER-1000/320 models.

safety

Machine room of the Kalinin NPP

The first two blocks of the nuclear power plant belong to the second, blocks 3 and 4 to the third VVER generation. In contrast to the others, the latter have containment .

At the beginning of the 1990s, there were repeated breakdowns in the power plant. Between 1990 and 1994, 120 such malfunctions were reported within four years, which indicates negligence on the part of the workforce, but also poor material maintenance, especially in the non-nuclear area of ​​the plant. As a result, the state inspection authority Gosatomnadzor prohibited the reactors from operating at full capacity in 1994. In the meantime, the number of malfunctions has been reduced to a normal level after some changes to the system. The reactor was allowed to be ramped up to rated power again.

Tver nuclear power plant

It is planned to build the successor nuclear power plant Tver directly at the Kalinin site. The power plant is to receive four reactors of the type WWER-1200A / 501 in the design of the AES-2006 M, which are currently among the most modern and newest reactors in Russia.

Data of the reactor blocks

The Kalinin nuclear power plant has four blocks :

Reactor
block		 Reactor type net
power		 gross
power		 start of building Network
synchronization		 Commercialization
of essential operation		 switching off
processing
Kalinin 1 WWER-1000/338 950 MW 1,000 MW 02/01/1977 05/09/1984 06/12/1985 (Planned for 2025)Template: future / in 5 years
Kalinin 2 WWER-1000/338 950 MW 1,000 MW 02/01/1982 December 3, 1986 03/03/1987 (Planned for 2038)Template: future / in 5 years
Kalinin 3 VVER-1000/320 950 MW 1,000 MW 10/01/1985 12/16/2004 11/08/2005 (Planned for 2034)Template: future / in 5 years
Kalinin 4 VVER-1000/320 950 MW 1,000 MW 08/01/1986 11/24/2011 December 25, 2012 (Planned for 2041)Template: future / in 5 years

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  1. ↑ a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Russian Federation: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
  2. ↑ RBC.ru, December 12, 2011
  3. ↑ a b c World Nuclear Association - "Nuclear Power in Russia"
  4. ↑ The NPP on a website about Chernobyl
  5. ↑ WNA - Nuclear Power in Russia (English)
  6. ↑ http://tass.ru/ekonomika/1289575
  7. ↑ http://www.rosenergoatom.ru/zhurnalistam/main-news/25469/

See also

Web links

Commons : Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant  - Collection of images, videos and audio files