Bilibino nuclear power plant

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Bilibino nuclear power plant
Bilibino nuclear power plant
Bilibino nuclear power plant
location
Bilibino Nuclear Power Plant (Far East Federal District)
Bilibino nuclear power plant
Coordinates 68 ° 3 '2 "  N , 166 ° 32' 21"  E Coordinates: 68 ° 3 '2 "  N , 166 ° 32' 21"  E
Country: RussiaRussia Russia
Data
Owner: Rose energoatom
Operator: Rose energoatom
Project start: 1966
Commercial operation: April 1, 1974

Active reactors (gross):

3 (36 MW)

Decommissioned reactors (gross):

1 (12 MW)
Energy fed in in 2006: 96 GWh
Energy fed in since commissioning: 6,735 GWh
Was standing: July 22, 2007
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
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The Bilibino nuclear power plant ( Russian Билибинская АЭС [ listen ? / I ], abbreviation БАЭС, BAES) is located near the Russian city ​​of Bilibino in the Chukchi Autonomous Okrug in northeast Siberia . In recent years, the nuclear power plant has an average of 132 million kilowatt hours into the public electricity grid of the Oblast Magadan fed, in addition, heat is transferred to the city of Bilibino. The nuclear power plant was the first and only one in the Arctic Circle in an area with permafrost soilAudio file / audio sample built to provide energy for the exploitation of the gold mines in the area. The area around Bilibino is cut off from the road and rail network , and there is a lack of conventional energy sources on site . Therefore, building a small nuclear power plant was by far the most cost-effective option to provide the necessary energy. The state-owned company Rosenergoatom is the owner and operator of the nuclear power plant .

history

In 1965 it was decided to build the Bilibino nuclear power plant; construction began on December 11, 1966. Construction of the nuclear reactors began on January 1, 1970. After more than four years of construction, the first reactor block became critical on December 11, 1973 . Units II and III followed on December 7, 1974 and December 6, 1975. The last unit IV became critical on December 12, 1976 for the first time. The reactors were intended to operate for 30 years. The first blocks have now reached this runtime and should actually be switched off. A term extension of five years was approved for Block I in 2004 and Block II in 2005. A longer service life than originally planned is also to be allowed for reactor blocks III and IV; the operating life of the nuclear power plant is to be extended by up to 15 years through modernization measures.

In 2003, a new construction of units E, F and G or V, VI and VII with a net output of 31 MW each was being considered.

Decommissioning and replacement

From November 2019 the floating nuclear power plant Akademik Lomonossow , a Small Modular Reactor (SMR), is to go on-line to replace Bilibino with the electricity and heat supply of the nearby Pewek and the adjacent mines . It was manufactured in the Saint Petersburg port and towed to Murmansk in 2018. In August 2019, the system was towed to its destination in Pewek to be synchronized with the power grid. On a 150 m long boat there are two reactors of the KLT-40S type , each with an output of 35 MW.

The Bilibino nuclear power plant will be shut down in the course of the commissioning of the Akademik Lomonossow nuclear power plant. Unit 1 was taken offline in March 2018, the fuel rods were removed and stored in the spent fuel. Units 2 to 4 are due to be shut down in December 2021.

power

The four small reactor blocks are EGP-6 reactors . The net performance of the four reactors is in each case at 11  megawatts (MW) , the gross power at 12 MW. The thermal output is 62 MW. With a total installed capacity of 48 MW, the nuclear power plant is the smallest operating nuclear power plant in Russia and worldwide.

The EGP-6 (ЭГП-6) is a reactor with individual channels for the water vapor. In addition to 11 MWe (net) electricity, heat is also provided for external consumers. Graphite is used as a moderator . The reactors are older, small reactor types similar to the RBMK reactors of the first generation of nuclear reactors.

safety

On July 10, 1991, the worst incident to date occurred in this nuclear power plant. These were a serious incident of the INES level  . 3

An INES level 2 incident occurred in 1998.

Data of the reactor blocks

The Bilibino nuclear power plant has four blocks :

Reactor block Reactor type net
power 		gross
power 		start of building Network
synchronization 		Commercialization
of essential operation 		Shutdown
Bilibino - 1 GBWR-12 / EGP-6 11 MW 12 MW January 1, 1970 January 12, 1974 April 1, 1974 January 14, 2019
Bilibino - 2nd GBWR-12 / EGP-6 11 MW 12 MW January 1, 1970 December 30, 1974 1st February 1975 (Planned Dec. 2021)
Bilibino - 3rd GBWR-12 / EGP-6 11 MW 12 MW January 1, 1970 22nd December 1975 February 1, 1976 (Planned Dec. 2021)
Bilibino - 4th GBWR-12 / EGP-6 11 MW 12 MW January 1, 1970 December 27, 1976 January 1, 1977 (Planned Dec. 2021)

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  1. ↑ a b c d Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Russian Federation: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
  2. ↑ a b World Nuclear Association - Nuclear Power in Russia (April 2007) (English)
  3. ↑ The CNPP from the Russian Federation in 2003 the IAEA. Retrieved April 3, 2020.
  4. ↑ deutschlandfunk.de , Wissenschaft im Brennpunkt , July 16, 2017, Dagmar Röhrlich : Brave New World of Reactors (July 30, 2017)
  5. ↑ a b c d Bilibino unit 1 prepared for decommissioning
  6. ↑ Schematic representation of reactor EPG-6 (page A8) (English; PDF; 1.6 MB)
  7. ^ National Research Council. 2003. End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi : 10.17226 / 10667
  8. ^ Austrian Ecology Institute (English) ( Memento from March 15, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Nuclear Energy Institute - Soviet Plant Source Book (page 122) ( Memento of the original dated November 29, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nei.org
  10. ↑ Flowting Nuclear Power Plants in Russia (page 74) ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (English; PDF; 1.0 MB)
  11. ^ Incident from 1998 (PDF; 657 kB) ( Memento from April 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive )

See also

Web links