Ultra HD
Ultra HD is a digital high-definition video format that is four times the resolution of HDTV .
General
The term “Ultra HD” (abbreviation for Ultra High Definition ), which comes from English, means “extremely high resolution” when completed. This describes the property of an HDTV- compatible device (television, DVD player, video camera, set-top box , game console , smartphone, etc.) that can output or record the HD resolution of 3840 × 2160 pixels offered for the consumer sector . Ultra HD is the successor to the Full HD standard. The designation "Ultra" was chosen to highlight the higher quality compared to "Full" HD (1920 × 1080 pixels). Ultra HD is also called 4K resolution or “4K”. A doubling of the pixel lines from 1080 to 2160 and the pixel columns from 1920 to 3840 means a quadrupling of the total number of pixels from around 2 million to around 8 million.
| resolution | Mega-pixels | Aspect ratio | Abbreviation (s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4096 × 2160 | 8.85 | 19:10 | 4K, 4K2K, 4K DCI |
| 3840 × 2160 | 8.29 | 16: 9 | UHD |
| 3840 × 1600 | 6.14 | 24:10 | QHD + |
| 3440 × 1440 | 4.95 | 21: 9 | UWQHD |
| for comparison | |||
| 1920 × 1080 | 2.07 | 16: 9 | Full HD |
| 1280 × 720 | 0.92 | 16: 9 | HD ready |
Markings
The Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) decided on October 18, 2012: Ultra HD replaces the previously propagated designation 4K. According to the definition, Ultra HD televisions must have a minimum resolution of 8 million pixels (four times as many pixels as with current Full HD televisions). The usual resolution here is 3840 × 2160 pixels. In addition, Ultra HD televisions must have connectors that can output Ultra HD content. For this would be suitable z. B. DisplayPort 1.2 with 4 lines: 2160 MB / s (17.28 GBit / s), sufficient for 3840 × 2400 or 4096 × 2560 pixels or the standard HDMI 2.0, which offers 60 fps with a bandwidth of 20 and 25 GBit / s for Ultra HD supported. The terms “ 4K ” or “UHD” are also used in retail , but they all refer to the same resolution, which is four times as high as that of the Full HD standard.
Problems and Outlook
Data sources
Video-on-demand providers like Netflix already have some films on offer.
Because of the large amounts of data, recording devices for filming work more slowly than devices with lower image resolution and therefore place very high demands on the speed of the hardware used . In addition, this also results in a significantly higher power consumption of the devices, and thus higher operating costs. It is also criticized that the acquisition of high-definition technology is also expensive for consumers, although it offers few advantages when viewing film material.
| GPU / processor | H.264 / AVC | H.265 / HEVC | VP9 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intel processors | |||
| Core i-7000 ( Kaby Lake ) | Completely | Completely | Completely |
| Core i-6000, Pentium G4000, Celeron 3900 ( Skylake ), Celeron N / J3000 / 4000 (Apollo Lake) |
Completely | Completely | partially |
| Core i-5000 ( Broadwell ) | Completely | partially | - |
| Core i-4000 ( Haswell ) | Completely | - | - |
| AMD processors | |||
| A-9000 ( Bristol Ridge ) | Completely | Completely | - |
| AMD graphics cards | |||
| RX 400 (Polaris) | Completely | Completely | Completely |
| Radeon R9 Nano / Fury (Fiji) | Completely | Completely | - |
| Radeon R9 285/380 (Tonga) | Completely | - | - |
| NVIDIA graphics cards | |||
| GeForce GTX 950, 960 (Maxwell), 1000, Titan X (Pascal) | Completely | Completely | Completely |
| GeForce GTX 970, 980 (Ti), 750 (Ti), Titan X (Maxwell) | Completely | partially | partially |
| GeForce 600/700 (Kepler) | Completely | - | - |
Image resolution
Not even half of the average viewer is able to perceive the higher image resolution compared to Full HD . The higher resolution can only be used, if the image material used provides it at all, if you are very close to the screen, which is not necessary to enjoy the film or can even be perceived as uncomfortable because of the necessary head or eyeball movements.
UHD televisions and some players are able to extrapolate video material in Full HD quality to the higher resolution by doubling the lines, which is technically verifiable, but does not lead to a better quality representation.
Contrast range and color space
The new OLED UHD screens from LG (also used in Loewe, Metz and Philips OLED TVs) deliver an excellent black level and therefore a very high contrast , as is the case with new UHD Blu-ray discs with HDR ( High Dynamic Range ) can be given. The planned image parameter “extended color space ” according to BT.2020 is currently only fully comprehensible with laser-based display devices. The intermediate step DCI-P3 color space (cinema standard) is already almost covered by current UHD displays. 3D Blu-ray Disc playback on active 3D UHD screens (with circular polarized 3D glasses) offers the full HD quality of the medium for the first time compared to passive 3D HD screens, despite the process-related halving of the vertical resolution.
See also
Web links
- Ultra HD content , Neuerdings.de
- The Ultra HD standard , network world knowledge
- Further article on Ultra HD , xyonline.de
- The future of 4k monitors , pckonfigurator.info
- How to achieve UHD under Linux even with older hardware , elstel.org
- The 4K UHD scam , film-freak.net
- FAZ.net September 2016: What does HDR bring and what do you need for it?
Individual evidence
- ↑ 4K resolution. In: 4k-monitor-test.com. July 20, 2014, accessed July 20, 2014 .
- ↑ Christof Windeck: FAQ 4K displays. What exactly is 4K resolution / UHD? . In: c't 15/2017, 152-154. ISSN 0724-8679
- ↑ a b Videos in 4k: Not exactly cheap and not always an advantage , test.de , November 20, 2014, accessed on February 19, 2015
- ↑ a b c UHD television: What does the "crisp" technology bring? , test.de , August 31, 2016, accessed on September 16, 2016
- ↑ Christian Hirsch, Martin Fischer: Ultra HD smoothly. Efficiently play 4K videos on Windows 10. In: c't 03/2017, 144-147. ISSN 0724-8679
- ↑ Markus Bautsch: Reproduction - Optimal number of pixels , Wikibook digital imaging methods , accessed on February 19, 2015