Ride around
Umritt originally referred to the taking possession of an area by circumnavigating. This occupation could have very different dimensions geographically.
Mounted as an area name
The word Beritt stands for a small cavalry troop for a small district, for example forest district. Place names such as Bifang, Byfang or Meringe emerged from this. The word ujazd or ujezd has roughly the same meaning in Slavic languages : In the Czech Republic there are over a hundred places called Újezd , in Lausitz there are two places called Uhyst (Sorbian Wujezd), in Upper Silesia Ujazd . In Russia was Ujezd (Уезд) until the 1920s, the most common management unit of the second level, d. H. after the governorates.
King's ride
The journey of a newly elected king through all or at least most parts of the empire is referred to as a king's ride (also called a ride , bypass or contact ). The ride around was not absolutely necessary, but served as a safeguard, as a sign of inauguration or as a ceremonial display of royal rule.
In the Middle Ages are those Umritte of the Merovingian kings Clovis , Theudebert , I. Clotaire and his son Chramn and for Gundoald and Childert II. Survived.
After a centuries-long break, the rulers of King Ludwig the Child , Konrad I , Heinrich I , Heinrich II and Konrad II have passed on the rides again. Due to the circumstances of their choice, they felt compelled to obtain the approval of the princes through acts of homage or to violently break resistance to their election and thus bind the individual parts of the empire to themselves.
The two rides of Henry III. , after his elevation to the Roman-German king in 1028/29 and after his assumption of government in 1039/40, at which he attended tribal days and received homage , probably had a more representative character. Konrad III, too . , who was only elected by a minority in 1138, only found general recognition during a round trip.
Since the election of Rudolf von Habsburg by the electors in 1273, there have been no more royal rides.
literature
- Gerhard Baaken , Roderich Schmidt : royalty, castles and royalty free. King's ride and homage in Ottonian-Salic times . In lectures and Research, ed. v. Constance Working Group for Medieval History eV, 6 . Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1981, ISBN 3-7995-6606-6