Magyar Gárda

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Members of the Magyar Gárda in the typical uniform in Békéscsaba

The Magyar Gárda ("Hungarian Guard") is a right-wing extremist , paramilitary organization in Hungary . The sponsoring association was founded on August 25, 2007 from the Jobbik party by its chairman Gábor Vona . The foundation took place through an oath of flags at the Buda Castle in Budapest . After being banned in 2009, the Guard re-established itself shortly afterwards under the name “New Hungarian Guard”.

classification

The Magyar Gárda is criticized as right-wing extremist , anti-Semitic , neo-fascist and anti- Gypsy because of its ideological orientation at home and abroad .

According to their self-image, the guard is defending the “physically, mentally and spiritually defenseless Hungarian nation” . According to Vona, it was not founded against someone, but for something.

activities

Members of the New Hungarian Guard at a demonstration by the Jobbik party against the General Assembly of the World Jewish Congress in Budapest in May 2013

The group is divided into the political movement ( Magyar Gárda Mozgalom ) and the " Supporting Association of the Hungarian Guard - Conservation Cultural Association" ( Magyar Gárda Hagyományőrző és Kulturális Egyesület ).

The uniformed members of the movement marched in public places. Their appearance is reminiscent of that of the Arrow Cross , who formed a National Socialist government from October 16, 1944 to March 28, 1945 , under which tens of thousands of people were murdered.

Since 2010 at the latest, the Guard has also been active in Romania and in the form of various splinter groups.

Prohibition and start-up

On December 16, 2008, after a process that lasted almost a year, the Budapest City Court disbanded the Hungarian Guard's association because its marches and events violated the human dignity of the Roma and other minorities (see minority protection ). The judgment was confirmed in the second instance on July 2, 2009. Since then, wearing the uniform in public can be punished with a fine of up to 50,000 forints (approx. 178 EUR).

The founder of the “Hungarian Guard” lodged a complaint against the ban at the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg. In doing so, he relied on the freedom of association guaranteed in Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) . The ECHR ruled on the complaint by judgment of 9 July 2013 and found that the ban on the "Hungarian Guard" was in line with the ECHR. The encroachment on freedom of association is justified, as the intimidating paramilitary behavior goes beyond the mere expression of a political opinion.

After the ban, the group was reorganized as Új Magyar Gárda ("New Hungarian Guard").

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spiegel online: Budapest: Right-wing extremists found "Hungarian Guard"
  2. ↑ Focus online: Court dissolves right-wing extremist Hungarian Guard
  3. ↑ a b Tagesschau (ARD) : Right-wing extremist group is forming in Hungary ( memento of October 10, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), August 25, 2007
  4. ↑ Blood will flow An experience report by Robert and Sabine Dengscherz, August 2007
  5. ↑ Dagsavisen (Norway): Hungary skremt av høyreekstrem «garde» ( memento of the original from January 3, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , September 14, 2007 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dagsavisen.no
  6. ↑ Blood Will Flow August 2007
  7. ↑ a b Die Presse : Forbidden Hungarian Guard May Demonstrate , August 24, 2012.
  8. ↑ - ( Memento of the original from May 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pesterlloyd.net
  9. ↑ http://index.hu/belfold/2009/05/21/ejtettek_az_izgatasgyanut_a_holokausttagadok_ellen/ An article in Hungarian about the dissolution of the guard; December 2008
  10. ^ Der Standard : Court Dissolves Hungarian Guard , December 17, 2008
  11. ↑ http://index.hu/belfold/magyargard70/ Reporting on the dissolution of the Magyar Gárda in Hungarian
  12. ↑ Der Standard : Right-wing extremists "Hungarian Guard" banned , July 2, 2009
  13. ↑ http://www.pesterlloyd.net/2009_49/49garde/49garde.html
  14. ↑ Information Note on the Court's case-law No. 165 - July 2013: Vona v. Hungary - 35943/10; Judgment 7/9/2013 [Section II]. European Court of Human Rights, July 2013, accessed April 13, 2017 .
  15. ^ Judgment of July 9, 2013 - Vona ./. Hungary - No. 35943/10. European Court of Human Rights, Section 2, July 9, 2013, accessed on April 13, 2017 .

Web links

Commons : Magyar Gárda  - collection of images, videos and audio files