Békéscsaba

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Békéscsaba
Coat of arms of Békéscsaba
Békéscsaba (Hungary)
Békéscsaba
Békéscsaba
Basic data
State : Hungary
Region : Southern Great Plain
County : Békés
Small area until December 31, 2012 : Békéscsaba
Coordinates : 46 ° 41 ′  N , 21 ° 5 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 41 ′ 0 ″  N , 21 ° 5 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 90  m
Area : 193.94  km²
Residents : 64,074 (Jan. 1, 2011)
Population density : 330 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+36) 66
Postal code : 5600, 5601, 5602, 5603
KSH kódja: 15200
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : city
Mayor : Péter Szarvas (independent)
Postal address : Szent István tér 7.
5600 Békéscsaba
Website :
(Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal )

Békéscsaba [ ˈbeːkeːʃʧɒbɒ ] (German rarely Tschabe , Slovak Békešská Čaba , Romanian Bichișciaba ) is a town with county law in southeast Hungary and also the county seat of Békés County .

history

The village called Csaba is first mentioned in a papal tithe from 1333-1337, its name is Turkish , comes from the personal name of the same name and means gift. At that time, there were eight other small towns in the current area of ​​the city in addition to Csaba . During the Turkish conquest, the village was initially preserved, but disappeared completely during the subsequent Turkish wars in the 17th century.

Protestant churches, symbols of the city

In 1715, Csaba is still mentioned as uninhabited, but a year later his name can be found in the list of tax-paying cities. The resettlement is thanks to the Austrian court chamberlain, Johann Georg Haruckern , who distinguished himself in the fight against the Turks, so that he was able to buy almost the entire county of Békés from the treasury. In order to revitalize the city of Csaba , he had 213 Slovak farming families settle there between 1718 and 1723, who were allowed to retain their Protestant denomination and receive tax breaks. Around 40 families came every year over the next few years.

In 1841 Csaba received the rank of "Mezőváros", as the organization of the national fair was approved. In 1847 it was one of the 20 largest cities in Hungary with a population of 22,000. Even so, the town, with its small farmhouses and small, muddy streets, looked more like a large village.

The Evangelical Gymnasium since 1895

In 1858 Csaba was reached by the railway, which brought new growth. New houses and factories were built. At the end of the 19th century, however, unemployment became the biggest problem, leading to a workers' uprising in 1891 that could only be put down with the help of Romanian soldiers. Since this uprising the city is also called "Viharsarok" (storm corner).

The First World War brought much suffering to the city. In 1919 and 1920 the city was under Romanian occupation, which resulted in looting by the occupiers. Since after the Treaty of Trianon Hungary lost the large southern cities, Csaba had to take over the role of Arad and Timisoara .

The fighting of World War II bypassed the city, with one exception: on September 21, 1944, the station was bombed by Allied aircraft, killing 96 people and seriously injuring another 150. The city was finally captured by Soviet troops on October 6, 1944. The city, which was mostly inhabited by Slovaks for a long time, was affected by the "population exchange" between Czechoslovakia and Hungary, which channeled the resettlement of Hungarians from Czechoslovakia, in 1946/47 and became mostly Hungarian.

The new shopping center since 2001

Industry

In the socialist era, Békéscsaba gained an important role due to the planned economy. In 1950 it was named the county seat of Békés, which brought the city its greatest development to date: canning, elevator, large tool and machine factories, a large cold store for the production of frozen goods and a large printing plant were built. As a result of this industrialization, the population grew from 42,000 to 65,000 in just 25 years. After the fall of the Wall in 1990, the city got into similar difficulties as the rest of the major Hungarian cities: the "unnecessary" factories disappeared in just a few years, the food industry has plunged in recent years: in 1998 the canning factory lost 90% of its customers due to the Russian crisis ( more than 1000 workers are laid off), in 2006 the poultry factory went bankrupt and was closed (approx. 1300 workers were laid off). In 2007 and 2008 new jobs were created. Many companies opened new factories in Békéscsaba (e.g. Mondi Europe Packing, DROT-FON Kft., Budapest Bank Labor Center, SMK corporation).

traffic

The city is at the meeting point of the two main roads 44 and 47 . The 44 leads from Kecskemét via Békéscsaba to the Romanian border, the 47 connects Debrecen with Szeged . The bypass road that connects these two main roads was completed in 2006, so the through traffic in the city center was noticeably reduced. The total length of the roads within the city is 280 km (208.5 km of which are paved). There are 20 bus routes within the city for mass transport.

Old station building

The railway connections also form a hub in Békéscsaba . You can travel in all four directions by train. The most important line is the north-west to Budapest or south-east to Arad, on which international express trains connect Western and Central Europe with Romania and Bulgaria. So it is possible to reach Vienna , Bratislava , Prague , Bucharest or even Thessaloniki from Békéscsaba without changing trains. Since 1999, Békéscsaba has been an “ Intercity City”. Five kilometers from the city center in the direction of Gyula there is an airfield that can accommodate aircraft with a weight of max. 15 tons (20-25 people) can receive. Scheduled air travel - although this has been the case for years - does not exist. The airfield is therefore only used by sport and glider planes and is the venue for glider and wing parachute championships every year .

education and parenting

Rózsa Ferenc High School

Békéscsaba has developed into an educational center within the county, especially in the last 15 years, as around 30–40% of the middle school students are not resident. For this reason it is also called the school town. There are currently 13 primary schools, 14 grammar schools and technical secondary schools and, since 1986, a university, which is currently the business faculty of the Sámuel Tessedik University. The city houses a large, well-kept orphanage and adoptive home, similar to a sanatorium, and in this facility also takes care of orphaned Roma children from the border area with Romania.

Town twinning

Sister cities are Békéscsabas

gallery

  • Aerial view of Kossuth Square

  • view on the city

  • Aerial view of the lido

  • View 2017

  • View 2017

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Békéscsaba  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sámuel Tessedik University ( Memento from November 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ City website - Testvérvárosok. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 23, 2012 ; accessed on October 10, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bekescsaba.hu