Small area
Small area ( Hungarian kistérség [ ˈkiʃteːrʃeːɡ ], plural kistérségek ) was the name for a regional authority (administrative unit) in Hungary , which corresponds to level “LAU 1” ( Local administrative unit ”[LGE]) in the NUTS system of the EU .
Within the administrative structure of Hungary there was a small area between the municipalities belonging to it and the county to which it belongs. In addition to "small area", the term "small region", which should be understood as a literal translation, is also in use. “Small area”, however, enables a better conceptual differentiation from the historical and spatial equivalents in Hungary and its neighboring countries.
On January 1, 2013, the Kistérségek were abolished and replaced by an approximately equal number of districts (Hungarian Járás ). Administrative units of this name already existed in Hungary (" Transleithanien ") of the Danube Monarchy . They corresponded to Austrian districts .
Historical equivalents
The historical equivalent of the small areas were the "districts" introduced in 1850 in the Austrian Empire (see district administration ), also in the Kingdom of Hungary , which were called járás (plural járások ) in Hungary . These territorial units existed after the end of World War I and Austria-Hungary and also after World War II until December 31, 1983. Before 1918 járás was mostly represented as a chair district , later often also as a circle . In 1945 there were 151 járások , in 1975 there were only 92; at the time of the abolition at the end of 1983 their number was 83.
Preparation and introduction
In 1994, the Central Statistical Office of Hungary divided the country into 138 territorial units, initially known as 'statistical districts' ( statisztikai körzet ) , in order to collect certain statistical data . Their number was increased to 150 on January 1, 1998. With an ordinance of the Hungarian government of December 18, 2003, 168 small areas with the name kistérség were established, to which part of the public tasks of the municipalities were also assigned.
Tasks and status
In terms of size and layout, today's small areas roughly correspond to the earlier administrative units, which were called járások , but can only be partially understood as their successors or reintroduction. B. do not have their responsibilities in administrative tasks and in the judiciary. In addition, the number of small areas exceeds the number of járások at that time , which was gradually reduced in the period after the Second World War.
According to the 1996 Law on Regional Development and Territorial Division, a small area is defined as a subordinate territorial unit. A council made up of representatives of the municipalities acts there as an organ of cross-municipality self-government.
The focus of the tasks of a small area or its council is the coordination of the interests of the communities belonging to it as well as the creation and implementation of joint programs for spatial development. For this purpose, a joint fund will be set up there, the use of which will be decided by the council of the small area as a legally independent body.
Today's equivalents
They roughly correspond to the Austrian districts, but with different competencies. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia meet the okresy , in Poland the Powiaty . In Germany, the NUTS system includes the municipal associations such as B. Offices , joint municipalities and administrative communities at the LAU-1 level.
List of small areas in Hungary
In total there were 174 small areas in Hungary in the seven regions or 19 counties. These are listed below in alphabetical order by region and county.
Western Transdanubia Region (Nyugat-Dunántúl)
The Western Transdanubia region includes Győr-Moson-Sopron , Vas and Zala counties .
Győr-Moson-Sopron county
- Csorna small area
- Győr small area
- Kapuvár-Beled small area
- Mosonmagyaróvár small area
- Pannonhalma small area
- Sopron-Fertőd small area
- Small area of Tét
Vas county
- Celldömölk small area
- Csepreg small area
- Körmend small area
- Kőszeg small area
- Őriszentpéter small area
- Sárvár small area
- Szentgotthárd small area
- Szombathely small area
- Vasvár small area
Zala county
- Hévíz small area
- Keszthely small area
- Keszthely-Hévíz small area (until 2007)
- Lenti small area
- Letenye small area
- Pacsa small area
- Nagykanizsa small area
- Zalaegerszeg small area
- Zalakaros small area
- Zalaszentgrót small area
Southern Transdanubia Region (Dél-Dunántúl)
The Southern Transdanubia region includes the counties of Baranya , Somogy and Tolna .
Baranya county
- Komló small area
- Mohács small area
- Small area of Pécs
- Pécsvárad small area
- Sásd small area
- Sellye small area
- Siklós small area
- Szentlőrinc small area
- Szigetvár small area
Somogy county
- Small area Balatonföldvár
- Barcs small area
- Csurgó small area
- Fonyód small area
- Kadarkút small area
- Kaposvár small area
- Lengyeltóti small area
- Marcali small area
- Nagyatád small area
- Siófok small area
- Small area Tab
Tolna county
Central Transdanubia Region (Közép-Dunántúl)
The Central Transdanubia region includes Fejér , Komárom-Esztergom and Veszprém counties .
Fejér county
- Aba small area
- Adony small area
- Bicske small area
- Dunaújváros small area
- Enying small area
- Small area Ercsi
- Gárdony small area
- Mór small area
- Sárbogárd small area
- Székesfehérvár small area
Komárom-Esztergom county
- Small area Dorog
- Esztergom small area
- Kisbér small area
- Komárom small area
- Oroszlány small area
- Tatabánya small area
- Tata small area
Veszprém county
- Ajka small area
- Small area of Balatonalmádi
- Small area of Balatonfüred
- Devecser small area
- Small area Pápa
- Small area Sümeg
- Tapolca small area
- Várpalota small area
- Veszprém small area
- Small area Zirc
Central Hungary Region (Közép-Magyarország)
The Central Hungary region consists of the capital Budapest and the surrounding Pest county .
Budapest
Pest county
- Aszód small area
- Budaörs small area
- Cegléd small area
- Dabas small area
- Dunakeszi small area
- Small area Érd
- Small area of Gödöllő
- Gyál small area
- Monor small area
- Nagykáta small area
- Pilisvörösvár small area
- Ráckeve small area
- Szentendre small area
- Small area of Szob
- Small area of Vác
- Veresegyház small area
Northern Hungary Region (Észak-Magyarország)
The Northern Hungary region includes the counties of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén , Heves and Nógrád .
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county
- Abaúj-Hegyköz small area
- Bodrogköz small area
- Edelény small area
- Encs small area
- Kazincbarcika Small Area
- Mezőcsát small area
- Mezőkövesd small area
- Miskolc small area
- Small area Ózd
- Sárospatak small area
- Sátoraljaújhely small area
- Szerencs small area
- Szikszó small area
- Tiszaújváros small area
- Tokaj small area
Heves county
- Bélapátfalva small area
- Eger small area
- Füzesabony small area
- Gyöngyös small area
- Hatvan Small Area
- Small area of Heves
- Pétervására small area
Nógrád county
- Balassagyarmat small area
- Bátonyterenye small area
- Pásztó small area
- Rétság small area
- Salgótarján small area
- Szécsény small area
Northern Great Plain Region (Észak-Alföld)
The Northern Great Plain region includes Hajdú-Bihar , Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg counties .
Hajdú-Bihar county
- Small area of Balmazújváros
- Berettyóújfalu small area
- Debrecen small area
- Derecske-Létavértes small area
- Hajdúböszörmény small area
- Hajdúhadház small area
- Hajdúszoboszló small area
- Polgár small area
- Small area Püspökladány
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county
- Jászberény small area
- Karcag small area
- Kunszentmárton small area
- Mezőtúr small area
- Small area of Szolnok
- Tiszafüred small area
- Törökszentmiklós small area
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county
- Baktalórántháza small area
- Small area of Csenger
- Fehérgyarmat small area
- Ibrány-Nagyhalász small area
- Kisvárda small area
- Mátészalka small area
- Nagykálló small area
- Nyírbátor small area
- Nyíregyháza small area
- Tiszavasvári small area
- Vásárosnamény small area
- Záhony small area
Southern Great Plain Region (Dél-Alföld)
The Southern Great Plain region comprises the counties of Bács-Kiskun , Békés and Csongrád .
Bács-Kiskun county
- Bácsalmás small area
- Baja small area
- Jánoshalma small area
- Kalocsa small area
- Kecskemét small area
- Kiskőrös small area
- Kiskunfélegyháza small area
- Kiskunhalas small area
- Kiskunmajsa small area
- Kunszentmiklós small area
Békés county
- Békéscsaba small area
- Small area of Békés
- Gyula small area
- Mezőkovácsháza small area
- Orosháza small area
- Sarkad Small Area
- Szarvas small area
- Szeghalom small area