Baranya county
Baranya | |
County seat : | Pécs |
Surface: | 4,430 km² |
Residents: | 368,135 as of 2016 |
Baranya [ ˈbɒrɒɲɒ ] (German Branau , Croatian Baranja) , is the southernmost county (administrative district) in Hungary . It borders on Croatia and on Somogy , Tolna and Bács-Kiskun counties .
The county seat is Pécs (Fünfkirchen) . The city has existed as Sopianae since Roman times and has been a World Heritage Site since 2000 . A cemetery of the early Christians was found near the current Gothic cathedral at Mons Sacrum ; The two-storey Péter-Pál burial chamber with jugs and old biblical paintings such as the Garden of Eden is also remarkable .
Other historically significant cities are Mohács and Pécsvárad . The spa in Harkány and the Villány-Siklós wine-growing region are also internationally known . The traffic connections are relatively good, almost all cities have a train station, although several sections of the route have already been closed. The region has been accessible via the M6 and M60 since March 31, 2010 . The main roads to and from Pécs are passable (e.g. the B6 and B57); On some streets in the Mecsek area, however, “road sections that are dangerous for accidents” are signposted. There is very little traffic on the side streets.
geography
Hungary's south and its warm climate are sometimes compared to the hills of Tuscany - Mediterranean plants and warm wind, culture and old castles, strong red wine , figs and sweet chestnuts . The county is also rich in mineral waters and has karst features in the mountains .
The Drava forms the southern border of the county, and the Danube flows to the east . A small area between the Danube and the mouth of the Drau belonged to the county before 1921 and now to Croatia ( Osijek-Baranja County ). The area, in which acacias also grow, is crossed by the Mecsek range of hills and mountains . There are stork nests on many church towers . The mountain regions (the highest peak is the Zengő at 684 m) are largely covered with deciduous forest. Particularly noteworthy are several extensive, almost pure chestnut forests, which can only be found in this form in a few other places in the world (e.g. on the southern slopes of the Günser Mountains in Austria).
The towns and larger towns of the county are next to Pécs and Mohács
- the seats of the small areas Komló , Pécsvárad , Sásd , Sellye , Siklós , Szentlőrinc and Szigetvár
- as well as the places Beremend , Bóly , Harkány , Mágocs , Szászvár and Vajszló .
structure
With the government ordinance No. 218/2012 of August 13, 2012, the statistical small regions (Hungarian kistérség ) were abolished on January 1, 2013 and replaced by an approximately equal number of districts (Hungarian járás ). The small areas were retained for a while for planning and statistical purposes, but were finally abolished on February 25, 2014. There were 9 small areas in the county before it was dissolved. Only one administrative unit remained unchanged during the reform (Siklós).
Former classification
Until the end of 2012, the following small areas (Hungarian kistérség ) existed in Baranya County:
code | Small area | Administrative headquarters | Population (December 31, 2012) |
Area in km² |
Number of parishes |
including cities |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3201 | Komló | Komló | 37,473 | 314.60 | 19th | 1 |
3202 | Mohács | Mohács | 47,587 | 846.29 | 43 | 2 |
3203 | Sásd | Sásd | 13,737 | 383.87 | 27 | 2 |
3204 | Sellye | Sellye | 13,235 | 463.33 | 35 | 1 |
3205 | Siklós | Siklós | 36,106 | 652.99 | 53 | 3 |
3206 | Szigetvár | Szigetvár | 25,446 | 668.91 | 46 | 1 |
3207 | Pécs | Pécs | 176,519 | 570.83 | 39 | 2 |
3208 | Pécsvárad | Pécsvárad | 12,283 | 258.49 | 19th | 1 |
3209 | Szentlőrinc | Szentlőrinc | 14,756 | 270.28 | 20th | 1 |
Current classification
Baranya county is divided into 10 districts (Hungarian járás ) with 301 localities: the city of Pécs with county rights (Hungarian Megyei jogú város ), 13 cities without county law (Hungarian város ), 3 large municipalities (Hungarian nagyközség ) and 284 municipalities (Hungarian község ) .
Location type | number | Area (in km²) | population | Population density (Ew / km²) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutely | proportionally | on average | absolutely | proportionally | on average | |||
City with county law | 1 | 162.77 | 3.67% | 145.347 | 39.48% | 893.0 | ||
Cities without county law | 13 | 483.19 | 10.91% | 37.17 | 95.351 | 25.90% | 7,335 | 197.3 |
Large community | 3 | 87.14 | 1.97% | 29.05 | 6,455 | 1.75% | 2.152 | 74.1 |
Communities | 284 | 3,696.50 | 83.45% | 13.02 | 120,982 | 32.86% | 426 | 32.7 |
Baranya county as a whole | 301 | 4,429.60 | 14.72 | 368.135 | 1,223 | 83.1 |
The current circles are:
code | circle | Circular seat | Residents (January 1, 2013) |
Area in km² |
Number of parishes |
including cities |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
024 | Bóly | Bóly | 11,879 | 220.03 | 16 | 1 |
025 | Hegyhát | Sásd | 12,662 | 360.72 | 25th | 2 |
026 | Komló | Komló | 35,084 | 292.48 | 20th | 1 |
027 | Mohács | Mohács | 34,901 | 600.98 | 26th | 1 |
028 | Pécs | Pécs | 180.138 | 623.07 | 40 | 2 |
029 | Pécsvárad | Pécsvárad | 11,787 | 246.44 | 17th | 1 |
030 | Sellye | Sellye | 14,383 | 493.69 | 38 | 1 |
031 | Siklós | Siklós | 36,106 | 652.99 | 53 | 3 |
032 | Szentlőrinc | Szentlőrinc | 15,044 | 282.43 | 21st | 1 |
033 | Szigetvár | Szigetvár | 25,158 | 656.76 | 45 | 1 |
Biggest cities
All places without a name are cities.
City / municipality | German name | Residents (January 1, 2016) |
---|---|---|
Pécs | Five churches | 147.719 |
Komló | Kummlau | 24,066 |
Mohács | Mohatsch | 17,738 |
Szigetvár | Inselburg | 10,755 |
Siklós | Winless | 9,501 |
Szentlőrinc | Saint Lawrence | 6,750 |
Kozármisleny | Mischlen | 5,934 |
Harkany | Harkan | 4,087 |
Pécsvárad | Petschwar | 4,051 |
Bóly | Deutschbohl | 3,974 |
Hosszúhetény , parish | Hetting | 3,360 |
Sásd | reed | 3.165 |
Sellye | clamp | 2,727 |
Villány | Wieland | 2,545 |
Beremend , large parish | Berend | 2,399 |
Lánycsók , parish | Lanchuk | 2,397 |
Mágocs | Magoch | 2,376 |
Szászvár , large parish | Saswar | 2,297 |
Pellérd, municipality | 2,255 | |
Hidas , parish | Hidash | 2,030 |
Population development
Population development of the county
The steady decline in the population since the 1980s is remarkable. Dates in bold are census results.
date | population | date | population |
---|---|---|---|
01/01/1960 1 | 395,342 | 01/01/2007 | 398.215 |
01/01/1970 | 421.765 | 01/01/2008 | 396,633 |
01/01/1980 | 432,617 | 01/01/2009 | 394.911 |
01/01/1990 | 417,400 | 01/01/2010 | 393,758 |
01/01/2001 | 408.147 | 01/01/2011 | 391.455 |
02/01/2001 | 407,448 | October 01, 2011 | 386,441 |
01/01/2002 | 406.330 | 01/01/2012 | 380.904 |
01/01/2003 | 404.709 | 01/01/2013 | 377.142 |
01/01/2004 | 402.260 | 01/01/2014 | 373.984 |
01/01/2005 | 400.313 | 01/01/2015 | 371.110 |
01/01/2006 | 398.355 | 01/01/2016 | 368.135 |
1 1960: present population; otherwise resident population
Population development of the districts
A negative population balance can be seen for all districts.
District name | Population level on January 1st | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | |
Bóly | 11,879 | 11,748 | 11,607 | 11,533 |
Hegyhát | 12,662 | 12,515 | 12,405 | 12,179 |
Komló | 35,084 | 34,776 | 34.210 | 33,790 |
Mohács | 34,901 | 34,512 | 34,084 | 33,794 |
Pécs | 180.138 | 178,968 | 178.291 | 177.461 |
Pécsvárad | 11,787 | 11,669 | 11,567 | 11,478 |
Sellye | 14,383 | 14,178 | 13,986 | 13,767 |
Siklós | 36,106 | 35,716 | 35,539 | 35,149 |
Szentlőrinc | 15,044 | 14,847 | 14,586 | 14,418 |
Szigetvár | 25,158 | 25,055 | 24,835 | 24,566 |
Baranya county | 377.142 | 373.984 | 371.110 | 368.135 |
History and culture
600 years after the Romans, King Stephen I founded the diocese of Pécs . The cathedral with four towers and the first Hungarian university under King Lajos the Great were built in the Gothic period . In the Middle Ages , many knight's castles were built (see also Vár ), of which the one on the mountain top of Siklós is particularly well preserved. The name Miklós Zrínyi , the defender of the castle in the Turkish Wars of 1566, is associated with Szigetvár .
The culture of the Renaissance made Bishop Janus Pannonius at home - visible in the famous porcelain of the Zsolnay Museum and in the lapidarium in the museum courtyard. To this day, the region offers numerous cultural programs such as the national theater meeting in Pécs, various summer festivals and the Mardi Gras in Mohács, which is comparable to Venice .
Museums
The State Directorate of Museums of Baranya County is responsible for 6 county museums . The county seat is the city of Pécs (Fünfkirchen).
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County Museum
literature
- Claus Heinrich Gattermann : The Baranya in the years 1686 to 1713. Continuity and change in a Hungarian county after the departure of the Turks . Universitätsverlag Göttingen, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-938616-32-6 .
Web links
- Homepage of the county (Hungarian)
- Web portal Baranya (Hungarian)
- Portal with many links (Hungarian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Baranya County (German: Branau ) should not be confused with the Upper Austrian city of Braunau . In the 1920s, Anton Tafferner (born 1910) tried to replace the name Baranya with the German-sounding name Branau, which did not succeed. Only the name Baranya was commonly used.
- ↑ Gazetteer of Hungary, 1st January, 2013. (PDF) KSH, accessed on February 4, 2017 (Hungarian / English, also XLS file).
- ^ Detailed Gazetteer of Hungary. KSH, accessed February 4, 2017 (Hungarian / English).
- ↑ KSH: Gazetteer of Hungary, 1st January, 2016. In: Minden helység adata. KSH, accessed on March 7, 2017 (Hungarian / English, also PDF file).
- ↑ a b 6.1.1. Resident population by sex, January 1st (2001-) (STADAT table). KSH, accessed February 9, 2017 .
- ^ Department of Museums of Baranya County BMMI (Baranya Megyei Múzeumok Igazgatósága)
Coordinates: 46 ° 4 ′ N , 18 ° 12 ′ E