Sky-gazers

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Sky-gazers
Uranoscopus sulphureus

Uranoscopus sulphureus

Systematics
Cohort : Euteleosteomorpha
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Sky-gazers
Scientific name
Uranoscopiformes
( Bleeker , 1878) Jordan , 1923

The sky-gazer-like (Uranoscopiformes (= Paratrachinoidei sensu Li et al. (2009))) are a fish order from the group of perch relatives (Percomorphaceae).

The order was established in 1923 by the American ichthyologist David Starr Jordan , but the taxa assigned to this taxon were later placed in the order of perch-like (Perciformes) and here in the suborder Trachinoidei . With the emergence of cladistics and the method of DNA comparison for kinship analysis, however, it became clear that the trachinoids are not monophylum .

Thus, the attempt by EO Wiley & David Johnson to separate the trachinoids from the perciformes and to raise them to the rank of order as trachiniformes did not lead to a monophyletic fish order, as it did not result in the new knowledge about family relationships within, which has now been gained through DNA comparisons of perch relatives were taken into account.

In February 2009, Blaise Li et al. Described a monophyletic core group of the trachinoids under the new name paratrachinoids.

In a revision of the bony fish systematics published in early 2013 by Ricardo Betancur-R. and colleagues, the Uranoscopiformes are being introduced with a total of four families. The relationship of these taxa was confirmed shortly afterwards by Thomas J. Near and coworkers in their phylogenetic investigation of the relationship of the Acanthomorpha .

features

The close relationship of the four groups assigned to the sky-gazers is based on molecular biological studies and is not yet supported by morphological features. They are small to medium-sized, bottom-dwelling or bottom-living fish in the sea. One species is found in fast-flowing freshwater in New Zealand.

Systematics

The sky-gazers include over 150 species in four families worldwide.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Blaise Li, Agnès Dettaï, Corinne Cruaud, Arnaud Couloux, Martine Desoutter-Meniger, Guillaume Lecointre: RNF213, a new nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 50, Issue 2, February 2009, Pages 345-363 doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2008.11.013
  2. ↑ a b c Ricardo Betancur-R, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre and Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC series - July 2017, DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3
  3. ^ EO Wiley & G. David Johnson: A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. in Joseph S. Nelson , Hans-Peter Schultze & Mark VH Wilson: Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. 2010, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, ISBN 978-3-89937-107-9 .
  4. ^ Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110
  5. ↑ Cheimarrichthys fosteri on Fishbase.org (English)
  6. ^ Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7