Sand perch

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Sand perch
Parapercis colias

Parapercis colias

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Uranoscopiformes
Family : Sand perch
Scientific name
Pinguipedidae
Günther , 1860

The sand perch or crocodile fish (Pinguipedidae) ( Syn .: Parapercidae) are bottom -dwelling predatory fish from the group of perch relatives (Percomorphaceae). Sandfish live in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific and in the Red Sea . The fish wait on the ground as lurking hunters on their pectoral fins, supported by small fish and crustaceans swimming by.

features

Sandfish have an elongated, cylindrical body. The mouth is pointed, set with sharp teeth, thick-lipped and can be turned forward, the eyes are raised. The dorsal and anal fin are long, the first five rays of the dorsal fin are much shorter than the following. The pelvic fins sit in front of or just below the pectoral fins . The lateral line organ is continuous, sand perch have small ctenoid scales . Sandfish are similar in shape and behavior to the unrelated lizardfish , but they have short dorsal and anal fins. The animals are generally 8 to 30 centimeters long. Prolatilus jugularis reaches a length of 40 centimeters, the two species of the genus Pinguipes are 50 and 70 centimeters long and the two species of the genus Pseudopercis are the largest members of the family with a length of one and 1.20 meters respectively.

Fins formula : dorsal IV – VII / 19–27, anal I – II / 16–24, ventral I / 5, caudal 13–15

Reproduction

Sand perches live in harem associations with one male and several females who own the territory. The sexes usually differ in color. To spawn, they rise from the ground at dusk and release eggs and sperm. The 1.5 to 3 millimeter large larvae initially live pelagic for one to two months . After the metamorphosis , they look for sandy soils near rock and coral reefs . Sandfish are hermaphrodites . All fry are female first. If the male of the harem association dies, the highest-ranking female is transformed into a male.

Systematics

Parapercis clathrata
Parapercis hexophtalma
Parapercis kamoharai
Parapercis millepunctata
Parapercis multifasciata
Parapercis pulchella
Parapercis schauinslandii
Parapercis sexfasciata
Parapercis snyderi
Parapercis tetracantha
Parapercis xanthozona

There are over 80 species known in seven genera. All but eight species belong to the genus Parapercis .

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Jeffrey W. Johnson and Hiroyuki Motomura. 2017. Five New Species of Parapercis (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from southeast Asia and northwest Australia. Zootaxa . 4320 (1); 121-145. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4320.1.7
  2. ↑ a b Johnson (2006). Two new species of Parapercis (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from north-eastern Australia, and rediscovery of Parapercis colemani Randall & Francis, 1993. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63 (1): 47-56. PDF
  3. ^ Johnson & Randall (2006). Simipercis trispinosa, a new genus and species of sandperch (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from eastern Australia. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63 (1): 57-64. PDF

Web links

Commons : Sandbarsch (Pinguipedidae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files