Misjudged water hose

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Misjudged water hose
Utriculariaaustralis.jpg

Misjudged water hose ( Utricularia australis )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Water hose family (Lentibulariaceae)
Genre : Water hoses ( Utricularia )
Type : Misjudged water hose
Scientific name
Utricularia australis
R.Br.

The misunderstood water hose ( Utricularia australis ), also known as the southern water hose or large water hose , is a species of water hose ( Utricularia ) within the water hose family (Lentibulariaceae).

description

The misjudged water hose is a rootless submerged water plant that reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters. The leaf shoots swim freely. The leaves have very numerous end shoots, which are distantly serrated and hairy. A leaf has 8 to 75 trapping bubbles.

inflorescence

The flowering period extends from June to August. The flower stalk is slightly curved downwards. It measures 5 to 18 mm and is thus around three to five times as long as the supporting sheet ; it extends after the anthesis . The upper lip of the flowers forms a right to obtuse angle with the lower lip. It does not cling to the roof of the mouth. The palate is hemispherical. The palate-free edge of the lower lip is almost flat. The spur is 5.5 to 7.5 millimeters long and more or less frustoconical. The glands on the inner wall of the spur can be found on the top and bottom. The crown is light yellow and 11 to 17 mm long.

Fruits are extremely rarely developed; the only observations are from China and Japan. The capsules are round, have a diameter of 4 millimeters and open in a circle. The seeds are prism-shaped, four- to hexagonal, around 0.5 millimeters long and wide and winged along all corners. The number of chromosomes is n = 18, 19, 20 or 22.

Inflorescence just above the water surface
Foliage leaf with catch bubbles

Occurrence

The misunderstood water hose is a widespread species, its distribution area extends from Europe (with the exception of the extreme northern Europe) over the entire African continent, temperate and tropical Asia from Turkey to Japan and in the south Indonesia as well as the Australian continent including New Guinea and New Zealand.

In Germany, the species is scattered in Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate, Hesse, Thuringia, Saxony, eastern Saxony-Anhalt, southern Bremen and Lower Saxony, and rarely in North Rhine-Westphalia, western Saxony-Anhalt and northern Mecklenburg -Vorpommern (Hiddensee, Grabow) and Schleswig-Holstein before. In Austria, the species is extinct in East Tyrol, otherwise it is scattered or rarely throughout the entire federal territory. It is classified as endangered, in the area of ​​the Bohemian Massif and in the northern Alpine foothills as endangered. In Switzerland, it occurs mainly in the Central Plateau and Valais, depending on the area, it is classified as potentially endangered or critically endangered.

In Central Europe it inhabits stagnant and slowly flowing, oligotrophic to eutrophic bodies of water such as pools, ditches, fish ponds and peat cuttings. The pH value can be in the acidic or basic range. It rises up to the montane altitude level . The misunderstood water hose is a character type of the Utricularietum australis from the Hydrocharition Association.

Systematics

The misjudged water hose was first described by Robert Brown in 1810 . The specific epithet australis means something like "south" and can also be found in the common German name "southern water hose". Important synonyms are Utricularia major Schmidel and Utricularia neglecta Lehm. The German names Großer Wasserschlauch ( major ) and misunderstood water hose ( neglecta ) are based on them . Like all species occurring in Central Europe, it belongs within the genus to the Utricularia section of the subgenus of the same name.

The species was repeatedly confused with Utricularia vulgaris , it was also repeatedly described as a sub-taxon (e.g. Utricularia australis var. Mutata Döll , Utricularia australis var. Japonica (Makino) Yamanaka ). Noteworthy is a form from Japan known as fruity and described under the name Utricularia tenuicaulis Miki , but now understood as a synonym. It is believed possible that it is a diploid , sexually reproducing form, while the species is otherwise divided into several groups of dysploid vegetative apomicts .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 777 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Eckehart J. Jäger, Klaus Werner (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 10th edited edition. tape 4 : Vascular Plants: Critical Volume . Elsevier, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich / Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1496-2 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Peter Taylor : The Genus Utricularia. A Taxonomic Monograph (=  Kew Bulletin: Additional Series . Volume 14 ). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London 1989, ISBN 0-947643-72-9 , pp. 598-605 .
  4. ^ Utricularia australis. In: Info Flora (the national data and information center for the Swiss flora) , accessed on May 10, 2015.
  5. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  869 .
  6. ^ Robert Brown: Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres plantarum. Richard Taylor, London 1810, digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fopenurl%3Fpid%3Dtitle%3A3678%26volume%3D%26issue%3D%26spage%3D430%26date%3D1810~GB%3D~ IA% 3D ~ MDZ% 3D% 0A ~ SZ% 3D ~ double-sided% 3D ~ LT% 3D ~ PUR% 3D .

Web links

Commons : Misrecognized water hose ( Utricularia australis )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files