Val Sampuoir (Valsot)
Coordinates: 46 ° 56 ' N , 10 ° 24' E ; CH1903: 825 441 / 201713
The Val Sampuoir is a remote valley in the Swiss Lower Engadine . It serves as an alpine pasture area and previously belonged to the municipality of Tschlin , since 2013 to the merged municipality of Valsot . Due to its status as a federal customs exclusion zone , the duty-free shopping center Acla da Fans was built at the lower valley exit .
location
The Val Sampuoir is a remote side valley of the Samnaun Valley in the Lower Engadine . It lies roughly in a north-south direction, has a length of 8 kilometers and an area of approx. 19 square kilometers.
The valley is bordered counterclockwise by the peaks Muttler ( 3293 m above sea level , highest point of the valley), Piz Malmurainza ( 3038 m above sea level ), Piz Motnair ( 2732 m above sea level ) and Piz Mundin ( 3146 m above sea level ) m above sea level ). The lowest point is the mouth of the Sampuoirbach in the Schergenbach (Austrian Schalklbach ) at about 1450 m above sea level. M.
The Val Sampuoir belonged to the municipality of Tschlin until 2012 and after the municipality merger to the municipality of Valsot in the Swiss Lower Engadine . Orographically , however, the valley belongs to the Samnaun valley and is separated from the village of Tschlin by a high mountain range.
Since 1912, the Val Sampuoir and its Alps can be reached by car in about an hour from the village of Tschlin thanks to the Samnaunerstrasse . In the past, it could only be reached via mountain trails and paths via Fuorcla Salèt ( 2826 m above sea level , German Salèt Pass ) ⊙ or Fuorcla d'alp ( 2809 m above sea level ), which took 4 to 6 hours without cattle or luggage Claims. The mule track over the Fuorcla Salèt was also the most important transport route for the exchange of goods with Samnaun before the road from Samnaun to Tyrol was expanded to be suitable for wagons in 1830 and until the middle of the 19th century.
Surname
The name of the valley, like the Val Sampuoir of the same name in the nearby municipality of Ardez , comes from an old word sap for German fir, forest (Latin sapinus, also fir ) , which is no longer used in Romansh today . In fact, the valley is rich in forest in the lower part.
Use and settlement
Alps
The alpine pastures used to be used for summer grazing by sheep and cattle . Tschlin originally used the alpine pastures of the Val Sampuoir itself and led the cattle across the Fuorcla Salèt. Due to declining population and livestock numbers, the valley's Alps were leased to the municipality of Samnaun in the course of the 19th century.
Currently, the Alp is used again by a sealed liner court, namely an operation from Strada , and indeed for Brown Swiss and Rhaetian gray cattle in Mutterkuhhaltung with pasture jump .
The Alps are now accessible with a small road from the Samnaunerstrasse .
Mining
On the right side of the valley, on the Ruina cotschna ( Vallader for red rust ) were at 2500 m above sea level. M. Iron and copper mined. For example, the mine was mapped in the Atlas Tyrolensis of 1774. In the 1835 map of the Rhaetian Ore Mountains by Heinrich Schopfer from St. Gallen , the mine was no longer shown, but in 1857 there was a contract for an experimental mine at the Ruina cotschna . An analysis carried out in 1919 showed that exploitation by modern standards would not be profitable. Today the map of Switzerland shows iron- manganese mineralization at the site of the former mine .
Acla da fans
Acla da Fans ( Pfandshof , also Hof da Fans or earlier Pfandhof and Funshof ) is a hamlet on Samnaunerstrasse, in the lowest area of the valley, in the immediate vicinity of the mouth of the Sampuoirbach. At the beginning of the 20th century, Acla da Fans was still a remote place with farms, but today it is a busy shopping center with a restaurant and gas station.
In the immediate vicinity of the hamlet there are striking earth pyramids (Romanesque pignas , literally ovens ).
Thanks to the Acla da Fans bus stop, Val Sampuoir can be reached by public transport.
Exclusion zone
Like Samnaun, the Val Sampuoir also forms a federal customs exclusion zone . The area is somewhat broader than the topographical Val Sampuoir and also includes the flank of the Samnaun valley down to the Fernertobel (also Val Alpetta ).
The status of a customs exclusion zone is of practical importance for the Acla da Fans shopping center: thanks to the tax relief, alcohol, perfumes and petrol can be offered at lower prices.
As a special feature, imports of animals and cheese must be reported to the Martina customs office , where a special evaluation is carried out for this product group within the framework of the federal foreign trade statistics.
history
At the end of August 1622, during the second Austrian invasion of the Bündner Wirren ( Thirty Years War ), the Val Sampuoir was chosen by the Austrians as the route of incursion into the Lower Engadine: Count Alwig von Sulz and Colonel Baldiron marched with 10,000 men from Samnaun through the Val Sampuoir to Tschlin and on to Ramosch .
In the further course the Engadin was left to the Austrians without a fight, the Prättigau was also lost, and the Austrians dictated the Lindau Treaty to the Graubünden on September 30, 1622 .
The northern flank of Piz Mundin and a large part of the right side of the valley of Val Sampuoir ( Piz Mezdi , Val Saronna Gronda , Val Saronna Pitschna , Ruina Cotschna ) were disputed territory between Switzerland and Austria in the 19th century. The so-called Gränzanstand at Finstermünz was only clarified in 1868, in favor of Switzerland.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Swiss National Topography , accessed on October 14, 2012.
- ↑ Google Maps , accessed on Oct. 14, 2012. Deviating information: 1462 m.
- ↑ Various tour descriptions at www.hikr.org, from Tschlin 1250 m ascent, 700 m descent.
- ↑ a b c d e C. Täuber (1912) Two recently developed Graubünden valleys (Avers and Samnaun) . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Charles Knapp, Maurice Borel, Victor Attinger, Heinrich Brunner, Société neuchâteloise de geographie (editor): Geographical Lexicon of Switzerland . Volume 4: Plessur - Switzerland . Verlag Gebrüder Attinger, Neuenburg 1906, p. 371, keyword Sampuoir (Val) ( scan of the lexicon page ).
- ↑ Hof S-chadatsch , called on Oct 14 2012th
- ↑ Hans Krähenbühl: The iron and copper gravel deposits on the north side of Piz Mondin in the Lower Engadine , in: Mitteilungen , November 1982, of the Association of Friends of Mining in Graubünden.
- ↑ Special layers of the national map of Switzerland.
- ^ Dufour map , accessed on October 12, 2012.
- ↑ Peter Gujan and Gian Andrea Hartmann (2010). Alpine tours Silvretta / Lower Engadine / Münstertal. SAC, Bern. P. 452
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Customs Ordinance (ZV) of November 1, 2006 , accessed on October 14, 2012.
- ↑ site of the shopping center of Acla da Fans, called on Oct 14 2012th
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Swiss Federal Foreign Trade Statistics: Task, Legal Basis and Publications , accessed on Oct. 14, 2012.
- ^ Friedrich Pieth (1945). Bündner history . F. Schuler, Chur.
- ↑ JV Polišenský (1971). The Thirty Years War. University of California Press, Berkeley / Los Angeles. Lindau on Lake Constance, not Lindau ZH .
- ^ Robert Günter Klien: When the Mondin became a Swiss. Pfunders village newspaper, June 2014.
