Valentín Gómez Farías
Valentín Gómez Farías (born February 14, 1781 in Guadalajara , Mexico , † July 5, 1858 in Mexico City ) was a Mexican politician and several times interim President of Mexico .
Gómez Farías was born on February 14, 1781, the son of a Spanish merchant and a Creole .
In 1800 he was a student of the Guadalajara seminary and later studied medicine at the University of Guadalajara . In 1807 he finished his studies and practiced in Aguascalientes .
In 1812 he was elected deputy for the Cortes of Cadiz , who drafted the Constitution of Cadiz .
In 1821 he committed to the Iguala plan . As a member of parliament for Zacatecas , he was one of the most important advocates of Agustín de Iturbides and voted for his coronation as emperor . After Iturbide's dissolution of Congress, he became its opponent and supported the Casa Mata plan , which led to Mexico's transformation into a federal republic. From 1825 to 1830 Gómez Farías served as Senator of Jalisco . From February 2 to March 31, 1833 he was Secretary for Foreign Relations . Elected Vice President, he represented Antonio López de Santa Anna, who was not interested in government affairs, from April 1 to May 15, 1833 and used his office to implement far-reaching reforms. Among other things, the lands of the descendants of Hernán Cortés were nationalized, the missions in California secularized, the property of the Filipino missionaries confiscated, the goods of the missionaries of San Camilo auctioned, the tithe made voluntary, the national library founded and the Pope with one Reduction in public holidays requested.
These reforms angered the Conservatives, after which Santa Anna returned to the capital, provoked the dissolution of Congress and exiled Gómez Farías.
In 1838 he returned and joined the revolt of José de Urreas . After their suppression, he went to the United States . When the Mexican-American War broke out , he returned to his homeland and on December 24, 1846, under the presidency of Santa Anna, was again vice-president.
Santa Anna took command of the army in the field, while Gómez Farías, again as interim president and deputy of Santa Anna, nationalized church properties worth 15 million pesos to raise funds badly needed for the war. The church protested, and in late February 1847 a military revolt broke out in the capital. Santa Anna returned to Mexico on March 21, deposed Gómez Farías and reversed the nationalization in exchange for a guarantee from the Church for a loan of 1.5 million pesos. During these operations, General Winfield Scott's landing at Veracruz took place.
As an MP, he was an opponent of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo .
In 1852 he was defeated in the presidential election campaign, but in 1855 he became president of the Junta de Representantes, which approved the Ayutla plan . In 1856 he became an MP and President of the Congress that drafted the 1857 constitution.
Gómez Farías died on July 5, 1858 in Mexico City. The church refused to give him a Christian burial and so he was buried on his daughter's property. In 1933 his body was transferred to the Rotonda de las Personas Ilustres .
The communities Gómez Farías ( Chihuahua ) and Gómez Farías (Jalisco) were named after Gómez Farías .
literature
- Timothy J. Henderson: A Glorious Defeat. Mexico and its War with the United States. Hill and Wang, New York NY 2007, ISBN 978-0-8090-6120-4 .
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
|
Manuel Gómez Pedraza Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna José Mariano Salas |
President of Mexico April 1833 – May 1833 June 1833 July 1833 – Oct. 1833 Dec 1833 – April 1834 Dec 1846 – March 1847 |
Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gómez Farías, Valentín |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Mexican politician and multiple interim President of Mexico |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 14, 1781 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Guadalajara , Mexico |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 5, 1858 |
| Place of death | Mexico city |