Vargatz
Vargatz is a district of the municipality of Bandelin in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district .
geography
Vargatz is two kilometers east of Bandelin and two kilometers north of Gützkow. The A 20 federal motorway runs west and can be reached via the Gützkow junction. The federal highway 111 runs to the south and the L 35 (formerly B 96) to the west. Vargatz lies on a plateau 24 meters above sea level , which is bordered by the Vargatzer Bach of the same name and the Dargeziner Bach to the east. The highest point is the Mühlenberg at 27 meters above sea level .
history
Vargatz has a long history of settlement. The discovery area with the large stone grave from the Neolithic (5500 to 1800 BC) is located south of Vargatz. Litter finds from the same time, such as a rare flint dagger - found by a farmer in 1954, a flint ax and a flint arrowhead complete this settlement area. The pre-Roman Iron Age (600 BC to 0) of the Teutons is represented with a settlement area in the direction of Gützkow. There, in the same area south of the locality, the large settlement area of the Slavic period is archaeologically proven. There is also a simultaneous settlement area further north. There is only one suspicion for the early German period from 1230, that is the tower hill castle (water castle) in the pond of the park.
The first written mention of the name of Vargatz comes from the year 1342 in the form of "vergatze". The spelling of the Slavic name of Vargatz can also be found in the form of “Vergatz”, “Vargitz” and “Vargatcz”. In Slavic it seems to consist of two words: "warju" - to burn , and "gatschu" - to make a path of fascines over a mire .
The village of Vargatz was taken over by the "Behren" ( von Behr family ) during the German expansion to the east . The first notarization was from 1250, the owner was named Theodoricus Behr. In 1275, Vargatz was named in the first known feudal letter by Duke Barnim as one of the ancient headquarters of the Behrs, Schlagtow and Müssow the others. In 1342 it was mentioned in a document: Lippold Behr, Knight zu Gützkow, as well as his brother Heinrich and his cousin Heinrich zu Vargatz sell three lodgings in Sanz to the Greifswald citizen Heinrich Lange, provisional agent of the St. Jürgen Hospital in Greifswald.
Vargatz was in possession of the male Behrs until 1892.
Hans Ludwig Heinrich von Behr (1789–1837) was married to Juliane Homeyer (1797–1847). His son Friedrich Carl Gustav Felix von Behr , Royal Prussian Chamberlain and Knight of the Order of St. John, married his cousin Marie Homeyer (1828–1920), the daughter of the merchant and secret councilor Wilhelm Homeyer and Wilhelmine von Schubert . Through the connection of the Behrs with the then very wealthy Homeyers, the family ran a trading house in Wolgast, the Behrs came to large fortunes with which the Vargatz and Schmoldow estates could be expanded and improved. Drains from England were used to create drains (the first in Germany), first-class breeding cattle were imported, and the merino herd was established. At that time, the beautiful avenues were laid out, the manor house in Vargatz was expanded around 1850 and expanded with additions around 1910. The gardener's house was rebuilt, the workers' houses were reconstructed and covered with tiles around 1850, and the cemetery was properly enclosed.
In 1865 Vargatz had 97 inhabitants in 14 families. There were 7 residential and 12 farm buildings.
Friedrich Felix von Behr had five children with his wife. The two sons died at a young age, one daughter remained single. The daughter Anna von Behr (1865-1896) married the later General of the Cavalry Friedrich von Rauch (1855-1935) and received the Schmoldow estate belonging to Vargatz , the other daughter Julie von Behr (1848-1918) married General Oscar von Nolte (1835–1913) and stayed in Vargatz. The Pinnow estate also belonged to the Vargatzer Behren estate. The last from Behr had managed both estates, Vargatz and Schmoldow, himself. After his death in 1892 and the division of the estate among his daughters (married to Oscar von Nolte and Friedrich von Rauch), Vargatz was leased. The tenants were Ruge, Hohmann, Ulrich and from 1927 to 1945 Beese.
Since 1897 Vargatz had a connection to the Greifswald-Jarmener Kleinbahn (GJK) with a stop.
In 1928, Vargatz was assigned as a district in the course of the dissolution of the manor districts of the community of Gützkow.
In 1945 Vargatz was resettled by the land reform and 10 hectare new farmer positions were created. This also resulted in rural farms here. The former day laborers' homes disappeared in the following years.
With a referendum by the Vargatzer in 1949, the town was handed over as a district from the Gützkow community to the Bandelin community.
In 1959, in the course of the establishment of the LPG, the farmers joined forces to jointly cultivate their fields in a Type I LPG. Later there was a further merger with LPG Bandelin and finally in the 1970s with LPG (P) and LPG (T) Gützkow.
The manor house was partially demolished after 1999 to 2001 by the family who took over the building, only the side wing extensions with the better old building fabric remained. The manor workers' house next to the manor house was also expanded and reconstructed. Unfortunately, the last original manor building, the large barn was demolished in 2012.
On December 31, 2014, Vargatz had 72 residents with a main residence and 3 with a secondary residence.
On December 31, 2015, Vargatz had 80 residents with a main residence and 3 with a secondary residence.
The history of the Vargatzer megalithic tomb
episode
On the Vargatzer Feldmark there was a barrow on the border to Bandelin. This large stone grave was always spared by the owners of Behr auf Vargatz as a testimony to the ancient past. After the death of the last Behr on Vargatz, the son-in-law, General von Nolte, placed a stone on this grave with the following inscription:
|
FF v. Behr † XII JAN. MDCCCXCII URSORUM HOC LOCO ULTIMUS HUIC TUMULO UT PEPERCERUND URSI PARCITE ET VOS |
translation |
FF v. Behr † Jan. 13, 1892 At this point the Behren last this hill, like him spared have the Behren so you also spare him. |
Friedrich Felix von Behr, the last one on Vargatz, died on January 13, 1892, was not buried here, but in the Vargatz cemetery. The writing was only intended to be a reminder that this old Neolithic tomb should continue to be preserved for posterity.
On September 19, 1954, the Ostseezeitung, Kreisausgabe Greifswald, published an article calling for the destruction of the megalithic grave with the headline “Bandeliner, grab it!” Because on one of the boulders of this grave the name of a FF v. Behr was to be found. As we have seen from the inscription on the stone, it is only an invitation to protect this site. “Unfortunately we tackled!” Some people came and destroyed the old barrow. They had been led to this crime by the newspaper article in the Ostsee-Zeitung.
However, the local branch of the Bandelin cultural association intervened. In lectures, the people who were outraged by the article and the destruction were made aware of the need to protect old sites. In addition, friends of the Kulturbund made themselves available and raised the large stones with the help of a winch.
The further fate
The famous Vargatzer megalithic grave originally stood at one point on the Gützkow-Bandelin road. At the request of the LPG (P) Gützkow, it was dismantled in 1977 due to land consolidation and excavated in 1980 by the University of Greifswald (Dr. Nilius). The results were very contradicting and were therefore not published according to Prof. Teerberger. The grave also contained modern artifacts, but since it was supposed to be demolished in 1954 (see above) and served as a garbage dump, that was probably not surprising. After the investigation, the stones were brought and unloaded to their current location approx. 500 meters further north. After protests by the local conservationists, it was rebuilt true to the original in 1985 on the Bandelin-Vargatz road.
Attractions
See: List of architectural monuments in Bandelin
- Vargatz estate park with pond and island (tower hill?), Cemetery worth seeing with old tombs, including so-called cobblestones (poor people's gravestones)
- Great stone grave Vargatz, excavated in 1980 and then rebuilt on the road in 1985
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen. IV. Part Volume II, Anklam 1868, pp. 36-61 ( Google Books ).
- Werner Wöller: Villages of the community association Gützkow. typed, 1983
- Manfred Niemeyer: East Western Pomerania. Collection of sources and literature on place names. Volume 2: Mainland . (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . Pp. 77, 120
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern. Collection of sources and literature on place names . Volume 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Volume 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 , p. 136
- ^ Züssow office, residents of the Züssow administrative area, as of December 31, 2014
- ^ Züssow Office, residents of the Züssow administrative area, as of December 31, 2015
Coordinates: 53 ° 57 ' N , 13 ° 24' E