Treaty of Amiens (1279)

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The Treaty of Amiens was an agreement concluded on May 23, 1279 between France and England over the possessions in France belonging to the English king .

prehistory

In the Treaty of Paris , the English King Henry III. 1259 renounced his claim to most of the possessions in France that his father Johann Ohneland had lost. In return, the French King Louis IX. recognized the English king as Duke of Aquitaine as his vassal. For Duke of Aquitaine was one of the Gascogne , and the Treaty of Paris had been established that the Agenais after the death of Johanna , widow of Alfonso of Poitiers should fall back to the English king. The Quercy and the Saintonge should also fall to England, but Philip III. occupied these areas after the death of his uncle Alfons in 1271. After lengthy preliminary negotiations, negotiations began in Paris in 1279 between an English embassy and a French delegation. The Chancellor Robert Burnell and Otton de Grandson as well as Jean I. de Grailly , the Seneschal of Gascony, belonged to the English legation . Finally, in May 1279, the English King Edward I and the French King Philip III met. in Amiens to seal the treaty.

content

In the Treaty of Amiens, Philip III confessed. to the English king the Agenais and the southern Saintonge. According to the Treaty of Paris in 1259, the vassals of the English king in Saintonge, Limousin , Périgord and Quercy were to swear to the French king that they would support him in the fight against England if the English king did not keep his obligations under the Treaty of Paris would. The French king now renounced this passage in the Treaty of Amiens. In contrast, the English king finally renounced his rights in the dioceses of Limoges , Périgueux and Cahors . The Quercy, which was also claimed by Philip's uncle Karl von Anjou , remained controversial . A commission should investigate the claims of the English king. Finally, Edward I waived his claims in 1286 in return for an annual payment of 3000 livres .

At the same time, Ponthieu in northern France fell to England when Queen Eleanor, the granddaughter of Maria von Ponthieu , inherited the county. The French king recognized this in Amiens for a transfer fee of 6000 livres, so that the English queen could take possession of the county as a French fiefdom.

consequences

In June 1279 William de Valence took possession of the Agenais for the English king. The diplomatic success encouraged Edward I, supported by Pope Nicholas III. to mediate in the conflict between France and Castile , which ultimately failed. The peace between England and France continued until 1294, when Philip IV , the son and successor of Philip III. because of the English possessions a new war began in France .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Thomas Frederick Tout : The History of England, from the accession of Henry III. to the death of Edward III. , 1216-1377. Haskell House, New York 1969, p. 145
  2. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 304
  3. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 316
  4. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 317
  5. ^ Thomas Frederick Tout : The History of England, from the accession of Henry III. to the death of Edward III. , 1216-1377. Haskell House, New York 1969, p. 146