Treaty of Tientsin

Treaty of Tientsin
Chinese name
Abbreviation	中 日 天津 会议 专 条
Long characters	中 日 天津 會議 專 條
Pinyin	Zōngrì tiānjīn huìyì zhuāntiáo
Japanese name
Kanji	天津 条約
Hepburn	Tenshin jōyaku
Korean name
Hangeul	톈진 조약
Hanja	天津 條約
Revised Romanization	Tyenjin joyak
McCune-Reischauer	T'yenjin choyak

The Treaty of Tientsin was an agreement between the Chinese Empire of the Qing Dynasty and the Empire of Japan of the Meiji period . It was signed by both sides on April 18, 1885 in Tientsin . This was also called the "Li-Ito contract" after the two negotiators Li Hongzhang for the Chinese and Ito Hirobumi for the Japanese side.

After the Gapsin coup in 1884 in Korea of the Joseon Dynasty , tensions between China and Japan escalated due to mutual hegemony over the Korean Peninsula . In order to reduce these tensions, the following agreement was reached after extensive negotiations:

1. Both nations will withdraw their troops from Korea within four months of the signing of the treaty.
2. The King of Korea, Gojong , will be advised on hiring military instructors from a third nation to train the Korean army.
3. No nation will send troops to Korea without first consulting the other side.

The treaty put an end to China's demand for exclusive control over Korea and made Korea a mutual protectorate of both Japan and China. Despite the negotiations, the treaty was not a serious preventive measure against further conflicts for either side. The next serious confrontation regarding Korea soon escalated into the First Sino-Japanese War .

literature

• William Gerald Beasley: The Rise of Modern Japan. (Political, Economic, and Social Change since 1850). 3rd revised edition. St. Martin's Press, New York / NY 2000, ISBN 0-312-23373-6 .
• Immanuel CY Hsü: The Rise of Modern China. 6th edition. Oxford University Press, New York / NY 2000, ISBN 0-19-512504-5 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Hsü: The Rise of Modern China. 2000, p. 331.