Sphagnum affine

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Sphagnum affine
Systematics
Class : Sphagnopsida
Order : Sphagnales
Family : Sphagnaceae
Genre : Peat Moss ( Sphagnum )
Section : Sphagnum
Type : Sphagnum affine
Scientific name
Sphagnum affine
Renauld & Cardot

Sphagnum affine is apeat moss belongingto the Sphagnum sectionand is called "related peat moss", "neighboring peat moss" and also "comb peat moss" in German-speaking regions.

Identifying features

Sphagnum affine is a species of peat moss that forms lawns or low and loose hills. It is usually somewhat smaller than the other brown species of the Sphagnum section ( Sphagnum centrale , Sphagnum palustre, and Sphagnum papillosum ). The color varies from green, yellow-brown to golden brown to brown and even slightly purple. The stems are brown and contain clearly visible, wall-strengthening spiral fibers in the epidermis or hyalodermis . Each cell usually has two or more pores. The stem leaves have dimensions of 1.3-1.9 mm × 0.6-1.2 mm. The branches are more or less tapered and also have spiral fibers. They are organized in clusters of four or five, two of which are sprouting, while 2-3 branches represent drooping twigs. The branch leaves are usually tiled or protruding from the branches. A sparse arrangement is possible for shadow shapes. They are egg-shaped to elliptical in shape and grow in sizes from 1.5–2 mm × 0.9–1.6 mm. The leaflets have hyaline cells on their convex surface with elliptical to rather round pores along the attachment. The chlorophyll cells are isosceles triangular and show exposed chlorocytes on the upper side in the leaf cross-section. In contrast, they are well enclosed on the convex underside and therefore not visible.

Occurrence

Sphagnum affine is a species of peat moss that occurs on both sides of the Atlantic, the range of which is concentrated in the temperate climate zone to the subtropical climate zone. Specifically, this is the northeastern part of America from Canada to Florida and Texas, Central America and Europe on the eastern side of the Atlantic. Over much of the area it is a very common species of a number of minerotrophic wetlands. It is particularly abundant in wooded swamps and often shows a ruderal character. It can also appear together with other species of the sphagnum section ( Sphagnum centrale , Sphagnum palustre, and Sphagnum papillosum ).

Systematics

Sphagnum affine is in the monogeneric family of Sphagnaceae within the genus peat moss ( Sphagnum ) in the Sphagnum section . According to a publication by Richard E. Andrus from 1987, this species is closely related to Sphagnum imbricatum , Austin's peat moss Sphagnum austinii and Sphagnum steerei . He places these 4 species in the taxon Sphagnum imbricatum Sensu Lato.

Hazards and protective measures

Sphagnum affine is also endangered by the destruction of the peat moss habitats . The Federal Republic of Germany has the species in the Red List of Threatened Species, as does the Free State of Thuringia and the State of Rhineland-Palatinate in endangerment category 2 (“highly endangered”). The state of Brandenburg describes the species as potentially endangered because of its extreme rarity.

In Switzerland's Red List of Threatened Species, Sphagnum affine is listed in the VU (“vulnerable”) category.

Like all species of peat moss, Sphagnum affine enjoys certain protective mechanisms with the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive No. 92/43 / EEC in the updated version of January 1, 2007. The species is listed on Appendix V and can therefore be subject to extraction and use restrictions. Furthermore, their habitat is placed under protection through the inclusion of the “Sour Moors with Sphagnum” in Appendix I, which means that special protected areas must be designated for these habitats. Living raised bogs and active surface bogs are even identified here as habitat types to be treated with priority.

German legislation defines Sphagnum affine on the basis of the Federal Nature Conservation Act BNSchG with all species of the genus in the Federal Species Protection Ordinance BArtSchV as a specially protected species.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Lists of particularly protected plant and fungus species in Thuringia. (No longer available online.) Free State of Thuringia State Institute for Environment and Geology, archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved November 1, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tlug-jena.de
  2. ↑ List of the species occurring in Germany in Annexes II, IV, V of the Habitats Directive (92/43 / EEC). (PDF; 5.17 kB) Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, March 29, 2010, accessed on March 30, 2010 .
  3. ↑ a b ARTeFAKT types and facts. In: Red Lists and Protection Regulations. Rhineland-Palatinate - State Office for the Environment; Water Management and Labor Inspectorate, accessed March 30, 2010 .
  4. ^ Richard E. Andrus: Nomenclatural Changes in Sphagnum imbricatum Sensu Lato. JStor Trusted archives for Scholarship, 1987, accessed March 31, 2010 .
  5. ↑ Online query for "Sphagnum affine" in the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany and its federal states. science4you, accessed April 2, 2010 .
  6. ↑ Red List of Endangered Species in Switzerland / Mosses. Federal Office for the Environment FOEN, 2004, accessed on April 1, 2010 (search for Sphagnum affine in PDF document).
  7. ↑ Directive 92/43 / EEC (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive) in the consolidated version of January 1, 2007 , accessed on April 1, 2010
  8. ↑ Federal Species Protection Ordinance of the Federal Republic of Germany (BArtSchV). Federal Ministry of Justice, accessed on February 4, 2010 .