Four-man hornwort

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Four-man hornwort
Cerastium diffusum 2.jpg

Four-male hornwort ( Cerastium diffusum )

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Tribe : Alsineae
Genre : Horn herbs ( Cerastium )
Type : Four-man hornwort
Scientific name
Cerastium diffusum
Pers .

The four-male hornwort ( Cerastium diffusum ) is a species of the genus hornwort ( Cerastium ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

illustration
Four-male hornwort ( Cerastium diffusum )

The four-man hornwort is a deciduous, annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 4 to 15 centimeters. The above-ground parts of the plant are fresh green and hairy with glands. The opposite leaves are usually 10 (5 to 20) mm long and lanceolate to ovate.

The flowering period extends from March to June. The bracts are herbaceous and have no skin edge. The hermaphrodite flowers are usually four, rarely three or five-fold. The sepals are 4 to 9 mm long. The two-column petals are slightly shorter than the sepals. There are usually four, rarely three or five styles.

The capsule fruit is longer than the calyx and eight to ten teeth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36 or 72.

Occurrence

The four-man hornwort settles on the North Sea coast , mainly between the Ems and Weser estuaries, rivers, primary and white dunes , but also goes into the nutrient-poor gray dunes . The four-man hornwort needs sandy soil , which may contain saline and which should only be moderately rich in nutrients, although a little humus . It thrives in Central Europe in companies of the Koelerion albescentis association.

Systematics

There are three subspecies mentioned:

  • The subspecies Cerastium diffusum subsp. Occurs on the North Sea coast . diffusum (Syn .: Cerastium atrovirens Bab .; Cerastium tetrandrum Curtis ), its flowers usually have four sepals and four petals, the sepals are usually barely 7 mm long.
  • The subspecies Cerastium diffusum subsp. subtetrandrum (Lange) PD Sell & Whitehead is found in eastern Central Europe, it reaches the western limit of its range in Austria. This subspecies has five bracts and their sepals are 7 to 9 mm long.
  • The subspecies Cerastium diffusum subsp. gussonei (Tod. ex Lojac.) PDSell & Whitehead : Their flowers are always five-fold; it occurs in Sicily, Italy, Spain and North Africa.

literature

  • Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volumes 1–5, Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page XXX.
  2. ↑ Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae . Cerastium diffusum . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.

Web links

Commons : Four-male hornwort ( Cerastium diffusum )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files