Villa Kunreuther
The Villa Kunreuther , Friedrichstrasse 14 in Gotha , is a cultural monument built in the style of historicism .
history
1835: Construction by Wilhelm Kuhn
The villa was built in 1835/36 by the architect Wilhelm Kuhn, who had been a master builder and assessor for the ducal court building office since 1831 , in what was then the Siebleber suburb. The building was given an almost square floor plan - possibly also as a result of later renovations - with a pyramid-shaped, gently sloping hipped roof, which ended with a lantern to illuminate the centrally located staircase. It thus corresponded to the type of Palladian villa that has been used several times in Gotha since the construction of the Prinzenpalais in 1776, with an inner central space extending over several floors, modeled on the Villa Rotonda . Further examples of such villas in Gotha are the Villa Madelung, demolished in 2007, Gartenstrasse 31, built in 1837 by the architect and court building officer Gustav Eberhard , and the still preserved former Villa Jacobs , Mozartstrasse 3, built in 1840 by the architect Ludwig Bohnstedt . From 1837 the villa was number 1210b. In 1839 Kuhn rented the upper floor. In 1848 he was retired and at the same time appointed ducal councilor. In 1852, Kuhn still lived in the villa, which was now numbered Friedrichstrasse 14.
1859: Credner and Arnim families
In 1859, the former member of the state parliament, Karl Friedrich Heinrich Credner , was named as the owner. At that time, however, he was already working as a miner in the Ministry of the Kingdom of Hanover and sold the villa to the stable master Wilhelm Arnim. He later passed it on to his son, Detlev Arnim.
1903: Kunreuther family
In 1903 the lawyer Dr. Heinrich Kunreuther (1864–1925) the classicist villa of the Arnim family. He was the grandson of the last rabbi from Gelnhausen, Hirsch Kunreuther . His father, the lawyer Dr. Jakob Kunreuther (1829 – approx. 1900), moved from Gelnhausen to Gotha in 1862 and opened a successful law firm at Auguststrasse 4. The reason for the move was that the ducal government in Gotha had appointed him there as a lawyer and notary, while the Hessian government had denied him admission to his home town despite "brilliantly passed exams". Heinrich Kunreuther joined his father's practice around 1900 after studying law and political science, doing his doctorate and extensive trips to Italy. Immediately after the purchase, he had the villa completely rebuilt by the architect Richard Klepzig . The central entrance to the street was given up, the entrance to the office was relocated to the north side and the entrance to the apartment to the south side. The floor plans developed around the central staircase were redesigned according to the new usage concept and the rooms were decorated with wall paneling and figuratively designed lead glazing. The street facade was redesigned in the upper storeys by the presentation of a colossal neo-baroque order over 2 floors , a central bay window and a balustrade on the roof. In 1904 Kunreuther married Anna Marie Michaelis, born in Worms in 1871, in Frankfurt , with whom he had a daughter, Marie Luise, in 1895. The office of Kunreuther, who was later appointed "Privy Councilor", was one of the most respected law firms in Gotha, advised the ducal family on legal issues and was involved in the establishment of the first Gothaer housing cooperative (WBG) in the early 1890s.
Heinrich Kunreuther died in 1925 and left the practice to his son-in-law, the lawyer Dr. Günther Gottschalk from Meiningen . He was buried in the main cemetery in Gotha . During the time of National Socialism , Günther Gottschalk was forced to close his practice and was conscripted by the Todt organization during the war . On September 20, 1942, his mother-in-law Anna Marie Kunreuther and his wife Marie Luise were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto . Anna Marie died there on February 13, 1943. Marie Luise was brought from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz concentration camp and died there in December 1944. Two stumbling blocks in front of the building commemorate the deportation of Anna Kunreuther and Marie Luise Gottschalk . After the end of the war, Günther Gottschalk was next to Oskar Gründler , Hermann Henselmann , Hugo Meister and others a member of the “ Anti-Fascist Committee ” established in Gotha on May 3, and one day later was appointed the new Lord Mayor of Gotha. But already in December 1945 he resigned from this position in order to work again as a lawyer at Friedrichstrasse 14. He married a second time in 1946 and died on September 30, 1947. Gottschalk's daughter Gabriele, to whom he had transferred the villa shortly after the GDR was founded on October 27, 1926, left the country for the west after the founding of the GDR and married a Mr. Storsberger.
1950: City of Gotha, vacancy, restitution and reconstruction
In 1950, the city of Gotha took over the villa and handed it over to the cultural workers ' club , which used it until 1990. The building was then restituted , sold by the heirs to a person living in Düsseldorf, and has stood empty since then and fell into disrepair.
After 2016, the civil engineer Michael Leepin acquired the building with the assistance of Mayor Knut Kreuch . The transfer of ownership took place in 2019. In a video that shows the interior hall still preserved with largely intact half-timbered walls, wood paneling and the like. a. shows, said the owner: " The condition is now so disastrous that we can only hold the street facade, and that will probably be done with elaborate supports that then hold the facade from the inside through all floors. (...) Unlike the Winter Palace - there the facade was supported towards the footpath (...) " . According to his explanations, the multi-storey central room, including the wall paneling and equipment details from the renovation in 1903, which will be preserved until 2020, is to be abandoned in favor of living space. The house is to be given a roof again by the end of 2020. As the video shows, the ornate enclosure of the side entrance portal, built in the style of historicism, and part of the enclosure wall, also built around 1900, were destroyed in May 2020.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gotha-Wiki, Jens Geutebrück, Hörselgau, accessed on June 7, 2020
- ^ Address books from Gotha 1841 and 1847
- ↑ Döring 2017, p. 65
- ^ Address book from Gotha 1852
- ↑ Gotha address book from 1859, pp. 28–29
- ↑ Private communication in the Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums , Leipzig, November 11, 1862.
- ↑ 110 years of the Gotha housing cooperative. ( Memento of October 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.5MB). 2005, p. 4.
- ↑ bundesarchiv.de
- ↑ Jewish Holocaust Memorials and Jewish Residents of Germany 1939–1945 , MyHeritage
- ↑ OscarAmFreitag, Gotha, accessed on May 20, 2020
literature
- Reinhard Döring: Die Elgerburger Promenaden , Kern-Verlag, Ilmenau 2017, ISBN 978-3-95716-222-9
- Matthias Wenzel, Mark Escherich: Villas in Gotha , Volume 2, Rhino Verlag, Arnstadt / Weimar, 2000, ISBN 3-932081-40-4 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 43.6 ″ N , 10 ° 42 ′ 39.2 ″ E