Violet-brown rose leaf tensioner
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Violet-brown rose leaf tensioner ( Earophila badiata ) |
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| ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775) |
The violet-brown rose leaf tensioner ( Earophila badiata , syn .: Anticlea badiata ) is a butterfly from the family of the tensioners (Geometridae). The species name is derived from the Latin word badius with the meaning "brown" and refers to the color of the butterfly.
features
butterfly
The moths reach a wingspan of 26 to 33 millimeters. There is no difference in color between the sexes. The color of the forewing surface is essentially purple-brown. The apex is divided by a short black line. The basal region is heavily darkened. The discal region , which is always brightened to a greater or lesser extent , is framed by brown transverse bands. The wavy line is made up of light spots, with individual V-shaped and conspicuously white spots. The discoid spot is reduced to a small black point. The upper side of the hind wing is gray-white to light gray-brown in color and shows a thin dark brown central line.
Caterpillar
Adult caterpillars are greenish, reddish or brownish in color. Sometimes black spots stand out from the bright sides. Many white point warts are distributed over the entire surface of the body. From the orange-yellow head capsule, a large black-brown spot stands out on each side.
Similar species
With a wingspan of 20 to 24 millimeters, in North Africa up to 26 millimeters, Antilurga alhambrata is smaller and also shows a wider, dark basal region than Earophila badiata . Since the moths of Antilurga alhambrata fly from September to November, there is also no common flight time with the Earophila badiata, which flies in spring .
distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the violet-brown rose leaf tensioner extends from North Africa and Spain across western and central Europe including the British Isles to the Altai . In the north it extends into central Fennoscandinavia , in the south from Italy to the Balkan Peninsula and the Black Sea . In southeastern Finland and Karelia it is represented by the subspecies Earophila badiata fennokarelica , in Algeria and Morocco by Earophila badiata tellensis . The main habitat are bushy forest edges, hedge and heather areas, forewoods, riparian areas as well as gardens and parklands. In the southern Alps , the species rises to heights of 1600 meters.
Way of life
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The moths are mostly nocturnal and fly in one generation from early March to mid-May. In favorable years they were observed at the end of February. They visit blooming pussy willows for food . At night they appear on artificial light sources . For example, they can be found on street lamps, shop windows, telephone boxes and the like. The eggs are laid individually or in small groups on buds, spines, or near young rose petals. The caterpillars feed exclusively on the petals and young shoots of rose species ( Rosa ). Originally they were entirely restricted to the habitats of wild roses. The dog rose ( Rosa canina ) is still the main food plant in many occurrence areas, but with the planting and breeding of garden roses by humans, new settlement areas opened up for the species and accordingly various garden rose species are increasingly being used as a source of food by the caterpillars. The development time of the caterpillars lasts mainly from May to July. Pupation takes place in a web on the ground, where the pupa hibernates.
Individual evidence
- ^ Arnold Spuler : The butterflies of Europe , Volume 2, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 1910, p. 66
- ↑ a b c Axel Hausmann & Jaan Vidalepp: The Geometrid Moths of Europe Volume 3 Subfamily Larentiinae I , Apollo Books, Aamosen, 2012, ISBN 978-87-88757-39-2 , pp. 178-180
- ↑ a b Manfred Koch , Wolfgang Heinicke, Bernd Müller: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1976, DNB 780451570 , p. 152/153
- ^ A b Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 , p. 136
- ↑ a b c Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. 1st edition. Volume 8. Moth VI. Geometridae 1 Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3497-7 , pp. 304-306
literature
- Axel Hausmann & Jaan Vidalepp: The Geometrid Moths of Europe Volume 3 Subfamily Larentiinae I , Apollo Books, Aamosen, 2012, ISBN 978-87-88757-39-2
- Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. 1st edition. Volume 8. Moth VI. Geometridae 1 Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3497-7
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. - Taxonomy and photos
- www.leps.it - Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa
- ukmoths - Shoulder Stripe at UKmoths
- britishlepidoptera - Information on the species
- kolumbus.fi - caterpillar