Vojihna

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Vojihna ( Serbian - Cyrillic Војихна , Middle Greek Βοϊχνας ; * around 1298; † 1370 in Drama ) was a Serbian aristocrat, military leader ( voivode ) and provincial governor in eastern Macedonia under the tsars Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan and Stefan Uroš V.

Life

Vojihna's origins are obscure, but he was very likely related to the Nemanjić dynasty ruling in Serbia , because Stefan Dušan describes him in a document from the Hilandar monastery as a “cousin” and “partner in my empire” identical to Count Vojihna , who is mentioned in 1323 as a member of the party (nephew?) of Stefan Vladislav II in the throne dispute with Stefan Uroš III.Decanski .

Before November 1345 Vojihna was appointed governor of Drama in eastern Macedonia by Stefan Dušan , not far from the border of the civil war between John V. Palaiologos and John VI. Kantakuzenos shattered Byzantine Empire . After Dušan was proclaimed "Emperor of Serbs and Romans " in Serres in 1345 and was crowned a year later in Skopje , he bestowed Vojihna with the high Byzantine dignity of emperor (Serbian Keсар Kesar ). During the plague epidemic in the winter of 1347/48 Vojihna accompanied the tsar to Mount Athos . He then transferred the village of Potolino in the Struma region to the Hilandar monastery .

Immediately after Stefan Dušan's death on December 20, 1355, his widow Jelena took control of Serres and the lower Strumatal . In the summer of 1356 Vojihna intervened in the recent Byzantine throne turmoil : He offered the counter-emperor Matthaios Asanes Kantakuzenos military support against his brother-in-law Johannes V, but then switched sides when Matthaios advanced with Turkish auxiliary troops from the Beyliks of Aydın against Serres. Vojihna took command of a Serbian army raised by Tsar Stefan Uroš V for his mother. During a confrontation near Philippi in February 1357, he took Matthaios prisoner and in the summer of 1357 handed him over to John V against payment of a ransom .

A donation from Vojihna's wife to the monastery Kutlumusiu on Mount Athos is recorded for 1358 . Their daughter Jelena was married to the future despot Jovan Uglješa , who ruled Serres after the abdication of the Tsar's widow Jelena in 1359. After Vojihna's death (around 1370) Uglješa also took over his province.

Vojihna was buried in the Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos, where his son, who died early, is buried.

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literature

  • Vojislav J. Djurić: Fresques médiévales à Chilandar. Contribution to the catalog of fresques du Mont Athos . In: Actes du XIIe Congrès international d'études byzantines, Ochrid 1961. Vol. 3. Belgrad 1964, pp. 59–98, here: p. 92.
  • Franz Dölger : Regest of the imperial documents of the Eastern Roman Empire from 565-1453. Part 5: Regesten from 1341–1453 (= corpus of Greek documents from the Middle Ages and modern times. Row A: Regesten. Dept. 1, Part 5). CH Beck, Munich 1965, No. 3064-3065.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори и кесари у Српском царству . In: Зборник Филозофског факултета. Vol. 10-1, 1970, ISSN  0352-5546 , pp. 255-269 ( digitized version ), here: pp. 264 f.
  • John Van Antwerp Fine: The Late Medieval Balkans: A critical Survey from the late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor MI 1994, ISBN 0-472-08260-4 , pp. 310,327.
  • Constantin Jireček : History of the Serbs. Vol. 1: Until 1371. Perthes, Gotha 1911 (reprinted by Adolf M. Hakkert, Amsterdam 1967), pp. 388, 418, 431, 438.
  • Љиљана Јухас-Георгиевска: Књижевно дело монахиње Јефимије . In: Зборник Матице српске за књижевност и језик . Vol. 50, 2002, ISSN  0543-1220 , pp. 1-2, 57-70.
  • Donald M. Nicol : The Byzantine family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) approx. 1100-1460. A genealogical and prosopographical study (= Dumbarton Oaks Studies. Vol. 11). Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington DC 1968, pp. 116-117.
  • George Christos Soulis: The Serbs and Byzantium during the Reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331-1355) and his Successors. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington DC 1984, ISBN 0-88402-137-8 , pp. 24, 76.
  • Erich Trapp , Rainer Walther, Hans-Veit Beyer: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit . 2. Fascicle: Βα ... - Γώτ (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies . Vol. 1/2). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1977, ISBN 3-7001-0235-6 , p. 92 No. 2942.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ See PLP 2, p. 92.
  2. ↑ See Јухас-Георгиевска, Књижевно, p. 1.
  3. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , p. 327.
  4. ↑ See PLP 2, p. 92.
  5. ↑ See Nicol, Kantakouzenos , p. 116.
  6. ↑ See PLP 2, p. 91.
  7. ↑ See Ферјанчић, Севастократори, p. 265.
personal data
SURNAME Vojihna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Војихна (SrS); Βοϊχνας (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Serbian voivode and kaisar (Caesar), governor of drama under Tsar Stefan Uroš IV. Dušan
DATE OF BIRTH around 1298
DATE OF DEATH 1370
Place of death drama