Pre-convoy
Several nuclear power plants of Kraftwerk Union with a pressurized water reactor are referred to as pre-convoy . The term refers to the fact that the power plants were planned and implemented individually before the KWU switched to a standardized design (analogous to convoy shipping ) with the convoy systems .
The pre-convoy facilities include Brokdorf , Grafenrheinfeld (closed today), Grohnde , Philippsburg -2 (closed today), the Wyhl nuclear power plant , which was never built, and the Angra 2 nuclear power plant in Brazil . There is another block of this type under construction (Angra 3), which was delivered, but was stored for lack of money. A related nuclear power plant, also from Siemens - KWU , is the Spanish nuclear power plant Trillo .
These pressurized water reactors of the 1300 MW class were built between 1982 and 1986 by Kraftwerk Union (KWU). Compared to the previous generation of pressurized water reactors, the pre-convoy systems have some safety improvements. Since the basic design dates from the 1970s and basic plant components cannot be retrofitted (e.g. reinforcement of the wall thickness of the reactor pressure vessel ), they do not achieve the safety level of the convoy systems, which represent a further development of the pre-convoy systems.
Security technology
Safety-related features of the pre-convoy systems are, in addition to the usual redundancy of the active safety systems, an emergency building that was present from the start (not retrofitted as in older systems) with a four-line emergency feed system, which is particularly important in the event of external impacts (e.g. earthquakes). with special safety requirements, can cool the system down and keep it in a stable state for up to 72 hours. An emergency control station is also integrated into the building, from where the most important functions can be checked and controlled during shutdown, even if the normal control room is not available.
designation | Abbreviation | federal country |
operators over |
thermal reactor power in MW |
el. gross capacity in MW |
el. net power in MW |
Energy generation in TWh |
Reststrom- amount from July 2010 TWh |
construction commencing |
Commercialization of essential operation |
Out of order |
Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grafenrheinfeld | KKG | BY | E.ON | 3,765 | 1,345 | 1,275 | 227.7 | 47.3 | 1st January 1975 | June 17, 1982 | June 27, 2015 | DWR |
Philippsburg 2 | KKP 2 | BW | EnBW | 3,950 | 1,468 | 1,402 | 214.6 | 86.6 | 7th July 1977 | April 18, 1985 | December 31, 2019 | DWR |
Grohnde | KWG | NI | E.ON | 3,900 | 1,430 | 1,360 | 226.0 | 87.4 | June 1, 1976 | February 1, 1985 | (December 31, 2021) | DWR |
Brokdorf | KBR | SH | E.ON | 3,900 | 1,480 | 1,410 | 195.7 | 100.1 | January 1, 1976 | December 22, 1986 | (December 31, 2021) | DWR |
Angra 2 | CNAAA 2 | BR | Eletrobrás | 3,770 | 1,350 | 1,275 | no | January 1, 1976 | July 21, 2000 | DWR | ||
Angra 3 | CNAAA 3 | BR | Eletrobrás | 3,785 | 1.405 | 1,245 | no | June 1, 2010 | DWR |
Status: 2010, Sources: Federal Office for Radiation Protection , Information Group KernEnergie
Individual evidence
- ^ Website of the IPPNW
- ^ Siemens: Power for Generations - pressurized water reactors from Siemens
- ↑ a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Germany, Federal Republic of: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
- ↑ Net electricity in TWh - net electricity generation in billions of kilowatt hours since commissioning until the end of December 2005 or until shutdown.
- ↑ Federal Office for Radiation Protection : Amounts of electricity generated (net) by German nuclear power plants, transfer of production rights and recording of residual amounts of electricity ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://dipbt.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/17/060/1706070.pdf 13th amendment to the Atomic Energy Act of June 30, 2011
- ↑ E.ON switches Grafenrheinfeld off earlier ( memento from March 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Tagesschau, March 28, 2014
Web links
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (PDF file; 545 kB)
- IPPNW.de nuclear facilities