Vehicle driver
A vehicle driver, also a vehicle driver, a car driver and the like. is whoever directly drives or controls a vehicle (for example a motor vehicle or bicycle). In addition, a vehicle driver is also considered to be someone who drives a vehicle in a different responsible manner, i.e. indirectly, i.e. who is in charge of it . Depending on the type of vehicle (water, air, road vehicle), the vehicle driver has special obligations.
Road traffic
Colloquially referred to as motorist (old-fashioned motorist , also motorist ), the internationally valid designation of the Convention on Road Traffic (Vienna Road Traffic Convention 1968) is English diver , French conductor (Art. 8 of the conv.). These words were in traffic law in Germany and Swiss German with leaders transferred, so the local traffic laws speak of drivers . In Austria, but was handlebar (leader of animals) used, hence the official term is vehicle drivers in the Road Traffic Act is called leader - or drivers - only for cattle (individual animals like cattle on the road), as well as riders (but still: driver's license ) .
In contrast to the vehicle driver, there is the vehicle owner , who is the owner of the vehicle.
The duties and rights of the vehicle driver who consciously controls the vehicle when participating in road traffic can be found in the German Road Traffic Regulations (dStVO); the Driving License Ordinance (FeV) has been relevant in Germany since 1999 for the admission of people to road traffic . In Austria this is regulated in the Road Traffic Act (ÖStVO) and in the Driving License Act.
As a driver in road traffic, in addition to being able to drive (health, character aptitude) , you need the ability to drive the vehicle carefully, soberly and safely. The latter is proven by passing the driving test or acquiring a valid driver's license .
The Vienna Road Traffic Convention requires that "every vehicle [...] must have a driver" (Art. 8 Para. 1). Therefore, self-driving vehicles are currently not permitted in the scope. Driver assistance systems have been permitted since 2014 .
The driving instructor is the responsible vehicle driver for training trips during driver training to acquire a corresponding driving license . Although he does not have direct control of the vehicle in some cases, he is responsible for ensuring that the vehicle is driven safely and carefully in traffic.
In the authorities and organizations with safety tasks , the vehicle driver is not the driver, but the person responsible for the unit that moves out on / with the vehicle. He then usually sits in the front passenger seat. The actual driver is then called, for example, a machinist (fire brigade) or a driver (military). Depending on the organization (subordination; command and obedience ), the vehicle driver may give the driver appropriate instructions. However, the responsibility for driving on public roads rests with the driver.
Rail transport
In rail transport , the vehicle driver in Germany and Austria is referred to as the train driver (abbreviated as Tf / Tfzf) or as a railway vehicle driver . Older or common names are locomotive or train driver . The term train driver, which is often used colloquially , does not technically refer to the vehicle driver, but rather the person of the train attendant who is responsible for a train (also train chief or head conductor ) and is therefore the direct line manager of the train driver. Since numerous trains have been running without train attendants, the train driver often also takes on the duties of train driver.
In the tram - light rail - and subway traffic different names are used in the various transport companies. The German tram construction and operating regulations , for example, use the generic term driving staff . Also are familiar to Carman , rail driver , subway riders or motorman . An outdated form Motormann .
shipping
In shipping , the captain or skipper is responsible for commanding the ship, but he does not have to be at the helm, he can delegate this task to a helmsman or helmsman .
The legal expressions in Germany are vehicle drivers on a sea waterway or ship driver on an inland waterway.
aviation
Legally, the activity commonly known as a pilot is referred to as an aircraft pilot . Here you can still distinguish between the aircraft commander (Engl. Pilot in command PIC) and other aviators. The pilot in command has regardless of this. whether he controls the aircraft directly or not, the corresponding rights and obligations. As in the shipping industry, he can delegate the actual steering. In particular, the co-pilot may also control the aircraft.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ "as a driver of a vehicle, as a pedestrian, as a rider or as a driver or leader of cattle:" § 99 para. 3 lit. a ÖStVO
- ↑ ZB dStVG §2 IV, V.
- ↑ For example, § 2, paragraph 15, sentence 2 dStVG.
- ↑ ZB 8.1.2 AVBayFwG (gesetze-bayern.de, accessed on Sep. 26, 2019).
- ↑ § 1.02 Inland Waterways Regulations
- ↑ ZB German Air Traffic Regulations (LuftVO)
