Toqa Timur

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Toqa Timur

Toqa Timur ( Jayaatu Khan , Mongolian ᠲᠥᠸᠲᠥᠮᠥᠷ ; * 1304 ; † September 2, 1332 in what was then Shangdu ) was the son of Khaischan's Mongolian Khagan and under the name Wenzong ( 文宗 , Wénzōng ) an emperor of the Yuan dynasty . He ruled from 1328–1332, with a brief interruption in 1329.

Life

Toqa Timur came to the throne with the help of General Yang or El Temür († 1333) in the struggle to succeed Yesun Timur (r. 1323-1328). El Temür seized the capital Beijing in a coup d'état and proclaimed the sons of Khaishan heir to the throne, while the underage prince Arigaba was proclaimed ruler in the summer residence of Shan-tu . As a result, there were three aspirants to the throne: Khaischan's older son Qoshila , Toqa Timur and Arigaba, but Arigaba's party was defeated by El Temür by the end of 1328, while Qoshila took his time to assert his claims to the throne until spring 1329. Only then did Toqa Timur abdicate in favor of his older brother, until he was murdered or poisoned on August 30, 1329 at a banquet with El Temür.

Toqa Timur was (in contrast to his brother Qoshila) as a representative of the Chinese party at court and had also received a classical Chinese education. However, his government was completely dependent on General El Temür and his family, who raised Prince El Tegüs. Conspiracies and revolts (e.g. in Yunnan ) did not break off for the rest of the Mongol rule in China.

After Toqa Timur's death, his widow Putashali was made regent. The death of two heirs to the throne and the general El Temür deprived them of their most important supports, so that they reluctantly approved Toghan Timur as the next Mongol emperor.

Sons:

  • Aratnada († 1331)
  • El Tegüs († 1340)

literature

  • Stephan Conerman, Jan Kusber (ed.): The Mongols in Asia and Europe. Peter Lang, Frankfurt / M. u. a. 1997, ISBN 978-3-631-30636-9 .
  • Michael Weiers: History of the Mongols . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart a. a. 2004, ISBN 3-17-017206-9 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ In connection with the overthrow of Chancellor Bayan, she was sent into exile with her remaining son in 1340, where both perished.
predecessor Office successor
Arigaba
( 天 順帝 , Tiānshùn Dì )		 Emperor of China
1328–1329 		Qutugku Khan
( 明 宗 , Míngzōng )
Qutugku Khan
( 明 宗 , Míngzōng )		 Emperor of China
1329–1332 		Irinchibal
( 寧宗 , Níngzōng )
Arigaba Khagan of the Mongols
1328-1329 		Qutugku Khan
Qutugku Khan Khagan of the Mongols
1329–1332 		Irinchibal
personal data
SURNAME Toqa Timur
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jayaatu Khan; Wenzong
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Emperor of China (Yuan Dynasty)
DATE OF BIRTH 1304
DATE OF DEATH September 2, 1332