Yuan Dynasty Emperor
portrait | Temple name | Posthumous name | Khan name | Birth Name | Government years | Reigns |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Convention: birth name (e.g. Temüdschin) or Khan name | ||||||
Taizu (太祖 Tàizǔ) |
uncommon | Genghis Khan |
Borjigin Temüdschin (孛兒只斤鐵木真Bèi'érzhījīn Tiěmùzhēn) |
1206-1227 | not existent | |
Ruizong (睿宗 Ruìzōng) |
uncommon | Tolui Khan | Borjigin Tolui (孛 兒 只 斤 拖雷 Bèi'érzhījīnTuōléi) |
1228 | not existent | |
Taizong (太宗 Tàizōng) |
uncommon | Ögedei Khan | Borjigin Ögedei (孛 兒 只 斤 窩闊台 Bèi'érzhījīn Wōkuòtái) |
1229-1241 | not existent | |
not existent | not existent |
Töregene Khâtûn (乃 馬 真 Nǎimǎzhēn) |
Reign 1241-1246 | not existent | ||
Dingzong (定 宗 Dìngzōng) |
uncommon | Güyük Khan | Borjigin Güyük (孛 兒 只 斤 貴 由 Bèi'érzhījīn Guìyuó) |
1246-1248 | not existent | |
not existent | not existent | ? |
Ogul Qaimish (海米 失 Hǎimǐshī) |
Reign 1248–1251 | not existent | |
Xianzong (憲宗 Xiànzōng) |
uncommon | Möngke Khan | Borjigin Möngke (孛 兒 只 斤 蒙哥 Bèi'érzhījīn Ménggē) |
1251-1259 | not existent |
portrait | Temple name (Miao Hao 廟號 Miào Hào) | Posthumous Name ( Shi Hao諡 號) | Khan name | Birth Name | Government years | Reigns ( Nian Hao年號) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Convention: "Yuan" + temple name or posthumous name. Mixed forms at Kublai Khan. | ||||||
Shizu (世祖 Shìzǔ) |
uncommon | Kublai Khan | Borjigin Kublai (孛 兒 只 斤 忽必烈 Bèi'érzhījīn Hūbìliè) |
1260-1294 | Zhongtong (中 統 Zhōngtǒng) 1260-1264 Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1264-1294 |
|
Chengzong (成 宗 Chéngzōng) |
uncommon | Timur Khan | Borjigin Temür (孛 兒 只 斤 鐵 木耳 Bèi'érzhījīn Tiěmù'ěr) |
1294-1307 | Yuanzhen (元貞 Yuánzhēn) 1295–1297 Dade (大德 Dàdé) 1297–1307 |
|
Wuzong (武宗 Wǔzōng) |
uncommon | Külüq Khan | Borjigin Qayshan (孛 兒 只 斤 海山 Bèi'érzhījīn Hǎishān) |
1308-1311 | Zhida (至大 Zhìdà) 1308-1311 |
|
Renzong (仁宗 Rénzōng) |
uncommon | Buyantu Khan | Borjigin Ayurparibhadra (孛 兒 只 斤 愛 育 黎 拔 力 八達 Bèi'érzhījīn Àiyùlíbálìbādá) |
1311-1320 | Huangqing (皇 慶 Huángqìng) 1312-1313 Yanyou (延 祐 Yányòu) 1314-1320 |
|
Yingzong (英宗 Yīngzōng) |
uncommon | Against Khan, Suddhipala | Borjigin Suddhipala (孛 兒 只 斤 碩 德 八 剌 Bèi'érzhījīn Shuòdébālá) |
1321-1323 | Zhizhi (至 治 Zhìzhì) 1321-1323 |
|
Convention: only for subsequent rulers, "Yuan" + posthumous name | ||||||
Jinzong (晉 宗 Jìnzōng) |
Taiding Di (泰 定 帝 Tàidìng Dì) |
Yesun Timur Khan | Borjigin Yesün-Temür (孛 兒 只 斤 也 孫鐵 木 兒 Bèi'érzhījīn Yěsūntiěmùér) |
1323-1328 | Taiding (泰 定 Tàidìng) 1321–1328 Zhihe (致 和 Zhìhé) 1328 |
|
not existent | Tianshun Di (天 順帝 Tiānshùn Dì) |
Arigaba | Borjigin Arigaba (孛 兒 只 斤 阿 速 吉 八 Bèi'érzhījīn Āsùjíbā) |
1328 | Tianshun (天順 Tiānshùn) 1328 |
|
Wenzong (文宗 Wénzōng) |
uncommon | Jijaghatu Toq-Temur | Borjigin Toqa Timur (孛 兒 只 斤 圖 鐵 木 兒 Bèi'érzhījīn Tútiěmùér) |
1328-1329 and 1329-1332 | Tianli (天 曆 Tiānlì) 1328-1330 Zhishun (至 順 Zhìshùn) 1330-1332 |
|
Mingzong (明 宗 Míngzōng) |
uncommon | Qutugku Khan | Borjigin Qoshila (孛 兒 只 斤 和 世 剌 Bèi'érzhījīn Héshìlà) |
1329 | not existent | |
Ningzong (寧宗 Níngzōng) |
uncommon | Irinchibal | Borjigin Irinchibal (孛 兒 只 斤 懿 璘 質 班 Bèi'érzhījīn Yìlínzhìbān) |
1332 | Zhishun (至 順 Zhìshùn) 1332 |
|
Huizong (惠 宗 Huìzōng) |
Shundi (順帝 Shùndì) |
Ukhaatu Khan | Borjigin Toghan Timur (孛 兒 只 斤 妥 懽 鐵 木 兒 Bèi'érzhījīn Tuǒhuān Tiěmùér) |
1333-1370 | Zhishun (至 順 Zhìshùn) 1333 Yuantong (元 統 Yuántǒng) 1333–1335 |
portrait | Temple name (Miao Hao 廟號 Miào Hào) | Posthumous Name ( Shi Hao諡 號) | Khan name | Birth Name | Government years | Reigns ( Nian Hao年號) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Convention: Khan name or maiden name | ||||||
Convention: only for subsequent rulers, "Yuan" + posthumous name | ||||||
Huizong (惠 宗 Huìzōng) |
Shundi (順帝 Shùndì) |
Toghan-Temur | Borjigin Toghan Timur (孛 兒 只 斤 妥 懽 鐵 木 兒 Bèi'érzhījīn Tuǒhuān Tiěmùér) |
1333-1370 | Zhiyuan (至元 Zhìyuán) 1368-1370 |
|
Zhaozong (昭宗 Zhāozōng) |
not existent | Biligtu Khan | Ayushiridara from the Borjigin clan (孛 兒 只 斤 愛 育 識 里 達 臘 Bèi'érzhījīn Àiyùshílǐdálà) |
1370-1378 | Xuanguang (宣 光 Xuānguāng) 1371-1378 |
|
not existent | not existent | Uskhal Khan | Tögüs Temür from the Borjigin clan (孛 兒 只 斤 脫 古 思 鐵 木 兒 Bèi'érzhījīn Tuōgǔsī Tiěmùér) |
1378-1387 | Tianguang (天光 Tiānguāng) 1378-1387 |
|
Uskhal Khan was the last khagan and emperor from the Borjigin clan (Kiyan grand clan). Jorightu Khan Yesüder took on the title of "Mongolian Khagan" from the Northern Yuan . Ligdan Khan (* 1592; † 1634) was the last independent Khan of the Mongols centuries later. |
literature
- Manfred Taube (transl.): Secret history of the Mongols. Beck, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-53562-3 .
- Michael Weiers : History of the Mongols. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart a. a. 2004, ISBN 3-17-017206-9 .
- Timothy Brook : The Troubled Empire. China in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Harvard University Press, 2010, ISBN 0-674-07253-7 . (engl.)