Buyantu Khan

Buyantu Khan (also Ayurparibhadra ; Mongolian ᠪᠦᠶᠠᠨᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠦᠷᠪᠠᠣᠠᠳᠠ , * 1285 in Xiangshuiyuan , Yanqing County ; † March 1, 1320 in Beijing ) was a Mongolian khagan and under the name Renzong also emperor of the Yuan dynasty . He ruled from 1311 to 1320.

Life

The younger brother of Khaishans ( Külüq Khan , ruled 1307–1311) was seen as a representative of Chinese interests and as gentle, charitable and hardworking. Immediately after taking office, he executed five ministers (his brother's most important people) for alleged corruption.

Buyantu Khan became famous for his attempt to reintroduce the Chinese official examinations in 1315, which should give Confucians greater access to the administration, which is often occupied by non-Chinese. This was considered to be progress, although these civil servant examinations severely disadvantaged the Chinese and were therefore only a parody of the earlier civil servant exams. Buyantu Khan surrounded himself with Chinese scholars such as B. Zhao Mengfu (famous painter) and took care of the administration of justice.

Around the sons of his brother ( Qoshila and Toqa Timur ) a Mongolian opposing party crystallized, but because of the youth of its representatives it had no chance. Qoshila fled to the Chagatai in 1316 . Relations with the Chagatai were strained after minor disputes resulted in a war in 1314, which the Yuan under General Togachi (in conjunction with the Ilkhan Öldscheitü ) won in the following two years, 1315-1316.

In the last months of the emperor's life began by the hated Finance Minister Temüder († 1322) instigated power struggles at the Kaiserfof, which had their background in the difficult financial situation and ended with the murder of Buyantu Khan's son Suddhipala (Against Khan, r. 1320-1323).

literature

Michael Weiers: History of the Mongols. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart et al. 2004, ISBN 3-17-017206-9 .
Timothy Brook: The Troubled Empire. China in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Harvard University Press, 2010, ISBN 0-674-07253-7 . (engl.)

Footnotes

↑ Otto Franke : History of the Chinese Empire. de Gruyter, 1930, p. 580; René Grousset : The Empire of the Steppes. A History of Central Asia. Rutgers, 1970, ISBN 0-8135-0627-1 , p. 340; Walther Heissig : Narrative material from recent Mongolian hero poetry. Harrassowitz, 1988, ISBN 3-447-02675-8 , p. 142; Tibetan ཨ་ ཡུ་ པར་ པ་ ཏ་ བུ་ ཡན་ དུ ། , see George N. Roerich : The Blue Annals. ( Blue Annals ), Motilal Barnasidass, Delhi a. a. 1996, ISBN 81-208-0471-6 , p. 58.

predecessor	Office	successor
Külüq Khan ( 武宗 , Wǔzōng )	Emperor of China 1311-1320	Suddhipala ( 英宗 , Yīngzōng )
Külüq Khan	Khagan of the Mongols 1311-1320	Suddhipala

personal data
SURNAME	Buyantu Khan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Ayurparibhadra; Renzong
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Yuan Dynasty Emperor (1311-1320)
DATE OF BIRTH	1285
PLACE OF BIRTH	Xiangshuiyuan , Yanqing County
DATE OF DEATH	March 1, 1320
Place of death	Beijing

[1] Otto Franke : History of the Chinese Empire. de Gruyter, 1930, p. 580; René Grousset : The Empire of the Steppes. A History of Central Asia. Rutgers, 1970, ISBN 0-8135-0627-1 , p. 340; Walther Heissig : Narrative material from recent Mongolian hero poetry. Harrassowitz, 1988, ISBN 3-447-02675-8 , p. 142; Tibetan ཨ་ ཡུ་ པར་ པ་ ཏ་ བུ་ ཡན་ དུ ། , see George N. Roerich : The Blue Annals. ( Blue Annals ), Motilal Barnasidass, Delhi a. a. 1996, ISBN 81-208-0471-6 , p. 58.