Weather anomaly in December 2015

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The December 2015 brought Europe unseasonably warm weather. In Germany , as well as in France and the Netherlands , it was the warmest December since measurements began. In addition, December set a new global temperature record.

Germany

In Germany, the average temperature in December 2015 was 6.4 ° C. This means that December was 5.6 degrees warmer than the mean climate for 1961–1990 and 1.6 degrees above the previous record holders in 1934 and 1974. December would have been extremely warm even for a March. December was the warmest in all German federal states since climate records began, but in Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria the gap between the previous record holders was rather small compared to the northern federal states. With an average temperature of 8.3 ° C, North Rhine-Westphalia was the warmest federal state, but the highest deviation from the normal period was in Lower Saxony , where the month was 6.3 degrees warmer than a normal December. In some cities in northern Germany there was no frost at all in December. In Hanover, December was seven degrees too warm with an average of 8.9 ° C and thus even warmer than April of the same year - although April 2015 was already too warm and just as warm as November 2015, which was already record-breaking also observe in Bremen : April 2015 was too warm there and the sunniest month of the year, November 2015 was the warmest since climate records began, but December 2015 was warmer than both months. In some regions, temperatures over 10 degrees were reached on almost all days in December 2015. As a result of the warm weather, roses were blooming in many places, bees were on the move and, from mid-December, there were even warnings about pollen contamination . In December 2015, there were even ripe blackberries in several large cities in North Rhine-Westphalia. The highest temperature was measured near Freiburg at 18.0 ° C , but remained well below the absolute December record of 1989 with 24.0 ° C. In addition, with the exception of the far north in Germany, December was also extremely sunny and dry.

Austria

In Austria , December 2015 had an average temperature of 4.5 ° C. However, this was not enough for a nationwide December record, but several December months, some even from the pre-industrial era, remained warmer. Nevertheless, December 2015 was also an extreme weather month in Austria. In parts of Austria, there has never been as little snow as ever since the weather records began. The mountain village of Seefeld in Tirol , which is usually snow-sure in December, had no snow at all in December 2015. In contrast, the excess heat in December 2015 was manageable in many of Carinthia's valleys .

France

In France, too, December 2015 became the warmest since climate records began. With a national average temperature of 9.5 ° C, December was warmer than March in France. The month was also very sunny and dry in France. The average maximum temperature in France in December 2015 was a spring-like 13 ° C.

Netherlands

In the Netherlands, December 2015 also set a new record with an average temperature of 9.6 ° C. December in the Netherlands was even warmer than a normal April and almost as warm as October and November of the same year. The Netherlands stayed completely free of snow and frost that month. A maximum temperature of 16.6 ° C was measured in Wijk an Zee , which is unusual for Dutch standards. The month was extremely dry and exceptionally rich in sunshine throughout the Netherlands.

United States

In the USA , too , December 2015 was the warmest December since climate records began, but in contrast to Central Europe in the USA, it was much too wet. On Christmas Eve, the temperature in New York in Central Park in summer 23.3 ° C, which was a record for New York and about 20 degrees too warm for the season was. In other parts of the USA even up to 28 degrees were measured. Christmas 2015 in the USA was at least as warm as the national holiday on July 4th.

Russia

In December 2015, especially at Christmas, it was much too warm in Russia . On December 24, 2015, a new record was set at 8.5 ° C, which was over four degrees above the old one. Normally, the maximum values ​​in Russian December are -4 ° C. In many places, Christmas and New Year's Eve were celebrated without snow for the first time in living memory. The Moscow toboggan hill on Red Square had to be closed for the first time due to excessively high temperatures.

Arctic

In the Arctic , December 2015 was even up to 50 degrees too warm. Even at the North Pole there were still plus degrees at the end of December, which otherwise only occurs there in summer. At the same time, storms of record strength were observed in the Arctic. These extremely high temperatures also led to the ice melting in the middle of December.

Causes of the abnormally warm weather

The extremely high temperatures in large parts of the world are almost certainly due to man-made climate change .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Weather: Advent, Advent, Europe is on fire. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  2. ↑ German Re: weather archive 2015. Accessed on 12 November 2019 .
  3. ↑ Jonas Stoll: Worldwide temperatures and extreme weather events since 2010. July 25, 2018, accessed on October 30, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Karsten Friedrich, Florian Imbery, Susanne Haeseler, Stefan Rösner: New record of global temperature 2015. German Weather Service (DWD), January 25, 2016, accessed on November 12, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Weather and Climate - German Weather Service - Press - Weather in Germany in December 2015. Accessed on October 30, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Stuttgarter Zeitung, Stuttgart Germany: Hay fever in the Advent season: pollen instead of snowflakes in Stuttgart. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Mild as never before: warm, warmer, December 2015 ... - Weather channel from the Kachelmannwetter team. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Temperature beats all records - December 2015 review. Accessed October 30, 2019 (German).
  9. ↑ Temperature beats all records - December 2015 review. Accessed October 30, 2019 (German).
  10. ↑ Climate monitoring - ZAMG. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  11. ↑ Un mois de décembre printanier pour finir l'année 2015. Accessed October 30, 2019 .
  12. ↑ KNMI - December 2015. Accessed October 30, 2019 .
  13. ↑ 2015 Brought Warmest, Wettest December on Record in US.Retrieved October 30, 2019 (American English).
  14. ↑ Heat record in New York, but dead from storms. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  15. ↑ dpa: Muscovites despair of the December heat. December 26, 2015, accessed October 30, 2019 .
  16. ↑ FOCUS Online: Weather out of joint: North Pole up to 50 degrees above normal. Retrieved October 30, 2019 .
  17. ↑ Stefan Müller: Climate Change: On Thin Ice . In: The time . December 3, 2015, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed October 30, 2019]).