Abutment (structural engineering)

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Ermita de la Salut - side buttresses and apses guide the vault thrust from

Flying buttresses on the Gothic Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral

Abutments in structural engineering support other components and, in addition to vertical loads, can also absorb a significant proportion of horizontal forces (e.g. arching ). This distinguishes them from bearings such as foundations and other foundations , which are predominantly designed only to accommodate vertical loads .

Abutments for arches are often referred to as fighters . Bridge abutments are usually solid masonry or concrete bodies that absorb horizontal compressive forces and divert them into the subsoil . Other components (e.g. buttresses and flying buttresses , apses , chapels or towers) can act as abutments.

For example, abutments are referred to as:

• Fighters of a vault (e.g. church building),
• Components for absorbing deflection forces in pipe bends,
• Support points for rafter roofs , provided they are integrated into the concrete ceiling.
• Abutment or abutment foundations of an arch in bridge construction. The anchor blocks for anchoring traction ropes from suspension bridges can also be viewed as abutments.
• Devices on which the jacking device is supported during horizontal pipe jacking (usually a press pit). Such abutments will only be created temporarily for the construction period.
• Anchoring blocks for the tensile forces of the prestressing steel for the factory production of prestressed concrete components in the prestressing bed .
• Components that absorb and divert the horizontal water pressure from the barricade structures in dam construction (dams, dam walls), also known as pulvino for arch dams .

Web links

Commons : Abutments  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Building encyclopedia: abutment
2. ↑ Wissen.de: Abutment ( Memento from November 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ Wendehorst / Muth: Bautechnische number tables , 26th edition, BG Teubner Verlag Stuttgart, 1994.
4. ^ Peter Rißler, Talsperrenpraxis , R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich Vienna, 1998.