Cloudy coral milkling
| Cloudy coral milkling | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lactarius subruginosus | ||||||||||||
| J. Blum ex Bon |
The cloudy coral milkling ( Lactarius subruginosus ) is a type of mushroom from the family of the deaf relatives . It is a medium-sized milkling with a bumpy-wavy and whitish-brown-piebald-cloudy hat. The mild-tasting, whitish flesh turns pink after a few minutes when cut. The Milchling grows in lime-rich deciduous and mixed forests near beeches. The species is closely related to the light coral and winged milkling. More recent molecular phylogenetic studies, however, question the species rank. The species is also called weakly wrinkled or blotchy (coral) milkling .
features
Macroscopic features
The 4–6 (8) cm wide hat is flatly arched when young, later spread out and sometimes somewhat depressed in the middle and usually bent irregularly in a bumpy, wavy shape. The smooth, matt surface is lightly frosted and spotted gray to ocher brown, cloudy and speckled on a creamy white background. The edge is smooth and sharp.
The young whitish lamellae increasingly turn ocher to reddish brown with age. They are broad on the stem and sometimes run down a little. Only a few slats are forked. The spore powder is ocher yellow ( IIIb according to Romagnesi ).
The cylindrical to slightly clubbed stem is 4–6 (8) cm long and 0.8–1.2 cm wide. At the base it is usually a little pointed. The inside is filled. The smooth surface is whitish and finely frosted when young. On pressure and in the course of development, the stalk becomes brown-spotted.
The whitish flesh turns pink within a few minutes when cut. It tastes mild and has a weak, pleasant smell that is reminiscent of coconut. The white milk does not change color without contact with the meat.
Microscopic features
The rounded spores are 6.8–9.1 µm long and 6.5–8.5 µm wide. The Q value (quotient of spore length and width) is 1.0-1.1. The spore ornament is up to 2.5 µm high and consists of a few elongated warts and mostly curved ribs, some of which are branched and only slightly connected, and thus do not form a network.
The clubbed to bulbous and four-pore basidia are 50–70 µm long and 12–19 µm wide. The numerous, bottle-shaped ( sheet-like ) to variously shaped cheilocystids are 40–70 µm long and 5–9 µm wide, pleurocystidae do not occur.
The hymeniform hat covering layer ( Pileipellis ) consists of round to elongated cells measuring 10–25 × 6–15 µm. The resulting hyphae ends are 25–70 µm long and 4–8 µm wide. They are more or less cylindrical to slightly clubbed and rise more or less vertically.
Species delimitation
The cloudy coral milkling is characterized by its bumpy, wavy hat with its whitish-brown, piebald-cloudy surface, which contrasts strikingly with the white stem. The smoke-colored milkling ( Lactarius azonites ), the winged milkling ( Lactarius pterosporus ) and the light coral milkling ( L. ruginosus ) are very similar .
The smoke-colored Milchling also has a white stem, but a uniformly colored, brown, non-piebald hat and a slightly different hat skin anatomy. The winged milkling usually has a wrinkled, veined hat surface and the ribs of the spore ornament are wider. It also has a sharper taste, more dense lamellae and a vivid reddish discoloration of the meat. The light coral milkling, on the other hand, has more distant lamellae and a clearly notched hat rim.
Ecology and diffusion
The Cloudy Coral Milkling is a rare, purely European species. It is a mycorrhizal fungus that mainly enters into a symbiotic relationship with beech. Other deciduous trees may also be considered as hosts. The Milchling grows in soils that are rich in bases and not too dry. The fruiting bodies appear from summer to autumn.
Systematics
The species was first described in 1976 in the dairy monograph Les Lactaires by Jean Blum . However, Blum did not provide a Latin species diagnosis, so that the species was not validly described according to the rules of the ICBN . In 1985 the species was described again and this time validly by M. Bon. The latest molecular phylogenetic studies show, however, that the species rank is doubtful. Some of the specimens examined are of the same species as the winged , the others with the light coral milkling .
The species attribute (epithet) " subruginosus " means weak or rather wrinkled.
Inquiry systematics
The Milchling is placed in the Plinthogali section by M. Basso , which in turn is in the subgenus Plinthogalus . The representatives of the section have fine, velvety, often wrinkled hats. The meat or milk of these species turns pink or reddish brown, the spore powder is ocher yellow. The hat cover layer is palisade-shaped.
meaning
Despite its mild taste, the Milchling is considered inedible.
Individual evidence
- ^ Synonyms of Lactarius subruginosus. J. Blum ex Bon, Docums Mycol. 16 (no. 61): 20 (1985). In: SpeciesFungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved November 2, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Pilze der Schweiz. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 6: Russulaceae. Milklings, deafblings. Mykologia, Luzern 2005, ISBN 3-85604-060-9 , p. 110.
- ↑ a b c Lactarius subruginosus. In: Russulales News. Retrieved November 2, 2012 (English, nomenclature and original Latin description).
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed November 4, 2012 .
- ^ Lactarius subruginosus. Pilzoek database, accessed November 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, accessed on November 4, 2012 .
- ↑ D. Stubbe, A. Verbeken: Lactarius subg. Plinthogalus: the European taxa and American varieties of L. lignyotus re-evaluated. In: Mycologia . 2012, p. 1490-1501 , PMID 22684287 .
- ^ Karl Ernst Georges: ruginosus . In: Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary . tape 2 . Hanover 1913, Sp. 2421 ( zeno.org ).
- ^ Maria Teresa Basso: Lactarius Persoon (= Fungi Europaei . Volume 7 ). 1999, ISBN 88-87740-00-3 , pp. 48-63, 639, 684-688 (Italian).
Web links
- Website: pilze-basel.ch: Photo by Lactarius subruginosus