Women's research
Women's research generally refers to research on women . It is therefore a sub-area of gender research . While women's studies deal with the life situation of women, gender studies thematize the socio-cultural construction of gender ( gender ).
In gender research, similar to women's research , men's research has developed, which in turn deals with the worlds of men in society .
Topics of women's studies and institutionalization
Women's research is interdisciplinary and includes areas of anthropology , sociology , history , medicine , aesthetics and other sciences and raises their questions from the point of view of feminism and the women's movement , emancipation . Women's research is carried out at universities and outside the university. The main topics are the peculiarities of women's living environments and their living conditions, such as women's education .
The first full professorships for women's studies at West German universities were advertised and filled from the mid-1980s. These were denominations within the social sciences , history and philosophy . The first women professors for women's studies came from sociology. a. Ute Gerhard , Carol Hagemann-White , Irene Dölling .
Methods of research into women
The research methods of the respective sciences, in particular the social sciences and historical sciences, are used.
Historical women's research
The primary interest is a reconstruction of the history of women. She criticizes the "forgetting" of women in the dominant science and the underrepresentation of a female perspective. The self-set task involves uncovering and filling gaps in science regarding women and introducing a feminine perspective until "equilibrium" is established. The androcentric historiography is supplemented or replaced by one oriented towards women. The distinction between “gender ideology” and factual “reality” is in the foreground.
"Early" women's studies
This refers to empirical studies on the living situation of women, which were carried out between 1900 and 1933 in the field of social sciences by non-academic authors. Since there were no large-scale, institutionalized social science research contexts, they emerged on the fringes of universities. This research was closely linked to the goals of the women's movement and welfare . Influential and productive women researchers who worked on the basis of numbers and statistics were Elisabeth Gnauck-Kühne and Lily Braun on the situation of women workers, Anna Pappritz on the need of prostitutes, Alice Salomon on the unequal wages of men and women, Henriette Fürth on the fate of women War widows and orphans .
See also
literature
- Martina Löw , Bettina Mathes (Ed.): Key works in gender research. VS - Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2005, ISBN 3-531-13886-3 .
- Ruth Becker, Beate Kortendiek (ed.): Handbook women and gender research. Theory, methods, empiricism (= gender & society. 35). 3rd, expanded and revised edition. VS - Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2010, ISBN 978-3-531-17170-8 .
- Ulla Bock : pioneering work. The first women professors for women's and gender studies at German-speaking universities 1984–2014 (= Politics of Gender Relations. 55). Campus, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2015, ISBN 978-3-593-50301-1 .
- Anna-Lena Scholz: About the beginnings of women's studies. The gender rebels. In: Der Tagesspiegel , January 22, 2016. [1] .
- Sabine Koloch: Science, gender, gender, terminology work. epodium Verlag A. Backoefer, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-940388-65-0 ( online ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ulla Bock: pioneering work. The first female professors for women's and gender studies at German-speaking universities 1984–2014. 2015.
- ↑ Sabine Hering : “Early” women's research: The beginnings of research by women on women. In: Ruth Becker, Beate Kortendiek (Hrsg.): Handbook women and gender research. 3rd, expanded and revised edition. 2010, p. 331 ff., Doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-531-91972-0_37 .