Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah

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Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah or Jacob ben Chayyim / Hayyim , Yaakov ben Hayyim , (* around 1470 in Tunis ; † before 1538 ), was an exegete of the Hebrew Bible . He examined the notations of the Masoretic text and on this basis created a. a. an influential edition of the Tanakh called the Rabbinical Bible .

Life

Ben Chajim left his North African homeland at the beginning of the 16th century to avoid the persecution of the Jews that broke out there. After stays in Rome and Florence , he came to Venice , where he was employed by Daniel Bomberg as editor and proofreader of the Hebrew publications. He came to Christianity at an advanced age .

Ben Chajim made a name for himself primarily with his edition of the rabbinical Bible (1524–1525). This Bible contains masoretic references and an introduction with a critical textual discussion about the Masora , the Ketib and Qere as well as differences between the Talmudists and the Masora. The value of his work as a critical mediator of the Masora was u. a. recognized by Elia Levita , who criticized his selection. Ben Chajim's Introduction to the Rabbinical Bible was translated into Latin by Claude Capellus in 1667 and into English by Christian David Ginsburg in 1867 .

In addition, Ben Chaim wrote a treatise on the Targumim in 1527, which precedes his editions of the Pentateuch . He edited the Editio Princeps of the Jerusalem Talmud (1523), the Mishne Torah by Maimonides and many other works that Daniel Bomberg had printed.

Works

One page of the 2nd Mikraot Gedolot by Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah, 1524; in the middle of the beginning of the week segment Mikez (Bereschit / 1. Book of Mose 41 based on the Hebrew original and Targum Onkelos ), framed by the commentaries by Rashi (right) and Abraham ibn Esra (left).

literature

Information from the Encyclopaedia Judaica:

  • Jacob ben Chajim ibn Adonijah, Introduction to the Rabbinic Bible (1968), prolegomenon by NH Snaith;
  • CD Ginsburg, Introduction to the Massoretico-Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible (1897), 956-74;
  • JN Epstein, in: Tarbiz, 5 (1934), 257-72; 6: 38-55 (1935);
  • S. Lieberman, in: Tarbiz, 20 (1950), 107-17;
  • S. Lieberman, in: Sefer ha-Yovel… Ḥ. Albeck (1963), 283-305;
  • P. Kahle, Cairo Geniza (1959), 124ff;
  • J. Penkower, in: dbi, 1: 558-59;
  • J. Penkower, in: A. Berlin and M. Brettler (eds.), The Jewish Study Bible (2004), 2082–83.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Article on Ben Chaim in the Encyclopaedia Judaica
  2. ↑ The Second Rabbinic Bible (Mikraot Gedolot) (מקראות גדולות) Volume I, Yaakov ben Hayyim, 1524;
    Digitized: Yaakov ben Hayyim, 1524: The Second Rabbinic Bible
  3. ↑ a b c Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah's Introduction to the Rabbinic Bible, London, 1867, from p. 15;
    Digitized: Ginsburg, 1867: Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah's Introduction to the Rabbinic Bible .
  4. ↑ "De Mari Rabbinico infido," vol. ii., chap. 4, Paris, 1667
personal data
SURNAME Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah
ALTERNATIVE NAMES ben Chayyim, Jacob; ben Hayyim, Yaakov; Hayyim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bible exeget
DATE OF BIRTH around 1470
PLACE OF BIRTH Tunis
DATE OF DEATH before 1538