Zabim

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Zabim ( Hebrew זָבִים“Those afflicted with the flow of semen”) is a treatise from the Mishnah . It is the ninth tract of the sixth order Teharot , which deals with questions of ritual purity in twelve tracts. The book is divided into five sections and deals with the rules for men and women who experience various forms of secretion in the genital area. These are considered " the sources of uncleanness " ( Hebrew אֲבוֹת הַטֻּמְאָה). Among them are the " seminal fluids " ( Hebrew זָב) and among women the " blood-fluid " ( Hebrew זָבָה), " Menstruating " ( Hebrew נִדָּה) and those who “give birth ” ( Hebrew יוֹלֶדֶת). It refers to the Bible ( Lev 15  EU ).

The equation of semen flow and gonorrhea , which occurs in older editions of the treatise , is in favor of a less specific formulation such as "a person who suffers from pathological discharges from the genitals " in the more recent literature, given the fact that secretion can be a symptom of various diseases. given up.

Structure and content

  • The first chapter gives the definition of the different forms of secretion and how these are to be assessed under the aspect of impurity. On the one hand, a distinction is made between normal " ejaculation " (שִׁכְבַת זֶרַע; Schichwat Ser'a ) and the pathologically defined forms, which are also called "seminal flow disease " (זוֹב; Sow ). Then, when making a diagnosis, it is necessary to take into account the duration and frequency of the phenomenon ( Hebrew הרוֹאֶה רְאִיָּה אַחַת - מֶשֶׁךְ ה"זוֹב "שמַגְדִּיר אֶת האָדָם כְּזָב).
  • The second chapter deals with the question of who can be affected by spermatic flow disease and describes the seven examinations of the sick person and the disease. The chapter also explains the period of time over which the phenomenon must occur in order for someone to be sick with spermatozoaזָבcan be designated, and whereby the disease is polluting. For example, by leaning ( Hebrew האִישִׁים הרְאוּיִים לְהֵחָשְׁב כְּזָבִים אם רָאוּ זִיבָה. האוֹפָנִים שֶׁבהם הזָב מְטֻמַּא חֳפָצִים שֶׁהוא נִשְׁעַן עליהם).
  • In the third and fourth chapters, contamination by the sick person (זָב) that can arise without contact. So through movement, pressure, strain and overload ( Hebrew האוֹפָנִים שֶׁבהם הזָב מְטֻמַּא חֳפָצִים שֶׁהוא מָזיז אוֹתָם, אף ללא נְגִיעָה בהם).
  • The fifth chapter deals with the degrees of impurity and its transferability that go beyond seminal flow disease, as well as questions of the transferability of impurity to things such as: B. the dough lifter .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b David Hoffmann , John Cohn, Moses Auerbach: Mischnajot. The six orders of the Mishnah . Hebrew text with punctuation along with German translation and explanation. Part VI: Order Toharot. 3rd edition, Kanel, Wiesbaden 1933; Reprint: Victor Goldschmidt Verlag Basel 1986, OCLC 496282384 , p. 589.
  2. ↑ a b Bunte (1958), p. 2.
  3. ↑ David Hoffmann, John Cohn, Moses Auerbach: Mischnajot. The six orders of the Mishnah. Hebrew text with punctuation along with German translation and explanation. Part VI: Order Toharot. 3rd edition, Kanel, Wiesbaden 1933; Reprint: Victor Goldschmidt Verlag, Basel 1986, p. 588.
  4. ↑ a b David Hoffmann u. a .: Mishnayot. The six orders of the Mishnah. Part VI: Order of Teharot. Translated and explained by David Hoffmann, 3rd edition, Victor Goldschmidt Verlag Basel 1986, p. 590 footnote 1.
  5. ↑ Bunte (1958), pp. 12-27.
  6. ↑ Bunte (1958), p. 29.
  7. ↑ Bunte (1958), pp. 28–41.
  8. ↑ Bunte (1958), pp. 40-71.
  9. ↑ Bunte (1958), pp. 72–97.