Zahumlje

Zachumlien also Zachlumien ( Bosnian / Croatian / Serbian  Zahumlje / Захумље , Latin Zachulmia , Zachlumia ) or Hum (Latin Chulmia , Chelmania ) is a historical landscape on the east coast of the Adriatic . It reached between the city of Dubrovnik and the Neretva River, including the Pelješac peninsula , inland to around the present-day city of Mostar .

In the Middle Ages it was a South Slav principality .

Zachumlien (pink) in the 9th century next to the Adriatic principalities of Dalmatia , Pagania , Travunia and Dioclitia . Croatian (left) and Serbian (right) historical perspective.

history

At the time of Constantine VII Porphyrogennetus in the 10th century, a prince Michael ruled in Zachumlien, who was descended from the non-Christian Litziki who settled on the Visla ( Vistula ) river . This report, which runs like a red thread through the literature, has meanwhile been rejected in research. Medieval writers often equated “Serbs” with the Slavs as a whole, as a Slavic original tribe or umbrella term for all Slavs.

Independent in the 10th century under Knjas Mihajlo Višević , Zachumlien became dependent on the state of Zeta in the 11th century . After 1183 it was incorporated into the Nemanjiden empire together with Zeta . Around 1323, the local feudal nobility under the Branojević became independent. The Branojević plundered the border areas of Dubrovnik , which first summoned an intervention by the Nemanjids, and when they did not respond, turned to Bosnia . The Bosnian prince Stjepan II. Kotromanić conquered Zachumlien in 1326. Stefan Dušan's efforts to reintegrate Zachumlien into his state were unsuccessful, and Zachumlien remained with Bosnia. In 1333 the southern part of Zachumlien with the center Ston and the Pelješac peninsula was given to the Ragusans in return for a tribute . The rest remained with Bosnia and in 1435 came under the rule of Stjepan Vukčić Kosačas , who in 1448 assumed the title of duke. Zachumlien then went on in Herzegovina .

See also

• Pagania
• Travunias
• Dioclitia

Web links

Commons : Zahumlje  - collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

• Konstantin VII. , Approx. 950, De Administrando Imperio at Google Books , The early history of the Slavonic settlements in Dalmatia, Croatia, & Serbia (1920),

• Constantine VII, ca.950, De Administrando Imperio , online

Individual evidence

1. ↑ [1]
2. ↑ [2]
3. ↑ De Administrando Imperio (Chapters 30-36) in Serbian .
4. ^ Heinrich Kunstmann : The Slavs, their name, their migration to Europe and the beginnings of Russian history in a historical and onomastic view. Steiner, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-515-06816-3 , p. 58.
5. ^ Heinrich Kunstmann: The Slavs, their name, their migration to Europe and the beginnings of Russian history in a historical and onomastic view. Steiner, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-515-06816-3 , p. 125.
6. ↑ Marc Löwener (Ed.): The "bloom" of the states of Eastern Europe in the 14th century. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-447-04797-6 , Wiesbaden, p. 199.