Maximus colliery

Maximus colliery
	General information about the mine
	Oral hole of the Maximus mine mine
Funding / year	Max. 6864 t
	Information about the mining company
Employees	Max. 45
Start of operation	1834
End of operation	1905
Successor use	United Hermann colliery
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 25 '6 " N , 7 ° 18' 57" E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '6 " N , 7 ° 18' 57" E
	Location Maximus colliery
Location	Vormholz
local community	Witten
District ( NUTS3 )	Ennepe-Ruhr district
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The Maximus colliery is a former hard coal mine in Vormholz . The mine has a history of over 170 years. It emerged from several small tunnel mines.

history

The beginnings

The mine was mentioned in the documents as early as 1731. In 1799 was the Royal Mining Authority granted approval for the operation of the mine. In 1823, two length fields , the Maximus North Wing field on February 12 and the Maximus South Wing field on February 22, were awarded . The mine was put into operation in June 1834. The Primus test shaft was sunk . The shaft was geteuft to the deepest trough, as the drive served a Göpel . Since no useful explorations were made, the mine was deferred on January 31 of the following year . On October 18, 1837, the mine was put back into operation. This time the mine was approached from the St. Johannes Erbstollen . In 1838 the Primus shaft was sunk deeper. Dismantling began in February of the following year . The mined coal was in Göpel shaft Primus promoted . In April 1845 the mine was closed. The reason for this shutdown was unclean coal.

Further expansion and operation

The Längenfeld Urban was awarded on October 15, 1849. The mine was put back into operation. It was a day querschlägiger tunnel to a length of 91 meters ascended . The tunnel was first driven until it penetrated the seam , then it was driven further in the adjacent rock. This made it possible to drive further locations in the seam. In addition, a mining tunnel was excavated over a length of 70 meters. The tunnel mouth hole was located west of the Muttenbach about 150 meters south of the United Hermann colliery . Around 1855 the Maximus colliery was shut down again because of unclean coal. In 1897 the disused mine was put back into operation under the name Zeche Urban. The Urban & Maximus tunnel was excavated. The tunnel was a water- dissolving tunnel and was used by the Urban and Maximus collieries to clear the mine field. The tunnel reached into the Hammertal and had a final length of 1,600 meters there. On February 1, 1899, the Urban Colliery's gallery was purchased, after which mining began. On November 29, 1901, the mine went bankrupt due to insolvency. Operations ceased on January 20, 1902.

The last few years

In 1902 there was a change of ownership. On June 2nd of the same year the mine was put back into operation. In the following year, the excavation was concentrated on the depths of the trough, the construction field had a dimension of 800 meters stroking and 151 meters cross cutting. In 1904 the Maximus colliery was acquired by the United Hermann colliery. In 1905 , the United Hermann mine mined through the Maximus tunnel. On January 19, 1906 , the Maximus colliery consolidated with the United Hermann colliery.

Promotion and workforce

The first known production figures come from the year 1834, when around 25 tons of hard coal were produced. The first known workforce dates from 1838, when nine miners were employed at the mine. In 1840 20,348 bushels were mined. In 1844 the production was 25,037 bushels of hard coal. In 1900 45 miners extracted about 5300 tons of hard coal. In 1902, 19 miners extracted 3,145 tons of hard coal. In 1904 the maximum production of the mine was achieved. With 26 miners 6864 tons of hard coal were extracted. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1905, with 15 miners 2094 tons of hard coal mined.

Current condition

Remains of a foundation and a tunnel mouth hole are still present from the Maximus colliery. The tunnel mouth hole is located in Witten in the Muttental . Above the tunnel mouth you can see a subsidence in the terrain. This lowering of the terrain was caused by the collapse of the tunnel. The Maximus tunnel is entered as a ground monument in the city's list of monuments.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Maximus mine mine . In: Witten Tourist Office. (Ed.): Mining circuit Muttental, 7th edition, Witten 1988
^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Stollenmundloch Maximus (accessed on December 5, 2012)

Web links

Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Maximus (accessed December 5, 2012)
Early mining in the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed December 5, 2012)
Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed December 5, 2012)

Remarks

↑ The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_2-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .

[Quelle_3-3] Maximus mine mine . In: Witten Tourist Office. (Ed.): Mining circuit Muttental, 7th edition, Witten 1988

[Quelle_4-5] The early mining on the Ruhr: Stollenmundloch Maximus (accessed on December 5, 2012)

[Anm._Förderv.-4] The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )