Cinnamon oil
Cinnamon oil is an essential oil that is extracted from the various types of cinnamon . Important ingredients in cinnamon oil are cinnamaldehyde , eugenol and cinnamic acid .
Types
Cinnamomum verum
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Cinnamon oil, of course |
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84649-98-9 |
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The real cinnamon oil (cinnamon bark oil) is produced in the plantations on Ceylon from the waste of the cinnamon bark by steam distillation . 200 kg of bark should give 1 kg of oil. This is colorless or pale yellow, somewhat thick, turns reddish-yellow to brownish-red with age, has a fine cinnamon-like smell, tastes sweet, aromatic and pungent (still at -25 ° C), clear and liquid, with a density of 1.006 to 1.044 g / cm 3 , boils at 220 ° C, reacts neutrally when fresh, acidic with age, dissolves little in water and mixes with alcohol in all proportions. The main component is cinnamaldehyde.
Cinnamon leaf oil from the leaves of the real cinnamon tree is brown, has a pungent aromatic smell, tastes pungent, has an acidic reaction and consists mainly of eugenol.
Cinnamomum cassia
Cinnamon cassia oil (cassia oil) is obtained in China by distilling cinnamon cassia with water (yield 0.7%), is thick, more brownish than reddish, smells cinnamon-like, but less fine and tastes less burning than real cinnamon oil, solidifies below 0 ° C , melts at 5 ° C, reacts neutrally when fresh, acidic with age, with a density of 1.03 to 1.09 g / cm 3 , dissolves little in water , mixes with alcohol , boils at 225 ° C and consists, like the previous one, mainly made from cinnamaldehyde , which easily converts to cinnamic acid in the air . Cinnamon blossom oil is similar to cassia oil.
Due to their cinnamaldehyde content, cinnamon oils have a considerable potential for sensitization , so they often cause allergies .
Areas of application
Cinnamon oils are used in perfumery and liqueur production.
insecticide
New research shows that cinnamon oil is a powerful insecticide . At least four active ingredients contained in it, in particular cinnamaldehyde , kill the insects even in low concentrations in the larval stage : 29 ppm are sufficient to kill half of the treated mosquito larvae after 24 hours. Research is currently being carried out into whether cinnamon oil is also suitable as a repellent (defense substance) against adult mosquitoes and mosquitoes .
There are already successfully used remedies against house dust mites , the faeces of which trigger house dust allergies .
Microbicide
The microbicidal effect of cinnamon oil, which has been known since ancient times, is mainly attributed to the eugenol it contains .
Extraction
In addition to steam distillation, cinnamon oil can be extracted from the cinnamon bark by extraction with low-boiling alcohols such as propan-2-ol ( isopropanol ) or ethanol. Due to the low volatility of the main components, the extractant used can be distilled off and the cinnamon oil remains. After the solvent has been removed, the main component of the oil, cinnamaldehyde, can easily be oxidized to cinnamic acid by heating and adding air . The oil must therefore be stored in the absence of air.
Web links
- Fragrant mosquito death. On: Wissenschaft.de from July 19, 2004. "Cinnamon oil is excellent for combating mosquitoes."
- "Everything about allergology": cinnamon. On: alles-zur-allergologie.de , as of April 24, 2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b data sheet cinnamon oil of course (PDF) from Carl Roth , accessed on February 20, 2017.
- ^ Rudolf Hänsel, Konstantin Keller, Horst Rimpler, Gerhard Schneider: Drugs AD . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-58087-1 , pp. 906 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Sen-Sung Cheng, Ju-Yun Liu, Kun-Hsien Tsai, Wei-June Chen, Shang-Tzen Chang: Chemical Composition and Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Leaves of Different “Cinnamomum osmophloeum” Provenances. In: J. Agric. Food Chem. , 2004 , Vol. 52, No. 14, pp. 4395-4400; doi : 10.1021 / jf0497152 ; PMID 15237942 .