Zippalanda

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Ziplanda is located at Çadır Höyük on the map.

Zippalanda ( Ziplanda, Zipalda ) was a Hittite city ​​in central Anatolia . Your situation is controversial. Maciej Popko wants to equate them with Alaca Höyük , Ronald L. Gorny prefers Kuşaklı Höyük or Uşakli Höyük (not to be confused with Kuşaklı Höyük, which was certainly identified with the Hittite city of Šarišša ) in the province of Sivas and, more recently, Çadır Tal des Kanakük Su .

Holy city

According to paragraphs §§ 50ff. of the old Ethite law Ziplanda was next to Arinna and Nerik one of the three holy cities ( šiunan URU "city of gods"), to which the capital Ḫattuša joined the assembly of gods early. The cult was applied to the originally Hattic weather god of Ziplanda and his parents, namely the weather god of the sky and the sun goddess of the earth . Both the weather god of Ziplanda and the sun goddess had temples in Zippalanda. In the prayer of Muwattalli (KUB VI 45146) the mountain god Taḫa (Kalehısar / Karahısar?) Is mentioned among the gods of Zippalanda. The source grotto is also called the Ištar . According to Monika Schuol , the sacrificial scene depicted on a silver fist vessel could depict a libation for the weather god of Zipplanda and the mountain god Taḫa.

Cuneiform documents from Boğazköy mention the tazzili priests from Zippalanda (KBo 16.49 obv. I 13). Apparently they were active in the cult of the mountain god Taḫa. The cities of Šanaḫuitta , Tapikka (Maşat Höyük), Taptiga, Takašta, Katapa , Karaḫna and Ḫattuša were responsible for the supply of the god Taḫa or his priests and his temple.

In HATTUSA there was a Zippalanda Gate. During the nuntariyašḫa festival, on his return from Arinna, the Hittite king moved through the Zippalanda Gate to Ḫarranašša and then on to Zippalanda, where he spent the 13th day of the month before returning to the capital via Katapa , Taḫurpa and Tippuwa. He also visited Zippalanda on the occasion of the AN.TAḪ.ŠUM spring festival .

Texts that mention Zippalanda

  • KBo 16.78
  • KBo 30.155
  • KUB 20.25 + 10.78

literature

  • Billie Jean Collins: Hattušili I, The Lion King. In: Journal of Cuneiform Studies. 50, 1998, pp. 15-20.
  • Ronald L. Gorny: Review of Zippalanda: A Cult Center in Hittite Asia Minor. In: Journal of the American Oriental Society. 117/3, 1997, pp. 549-557.
  • OR Gurney: The Hittite Names of Kerkenes Dağ and Kuşaklı Höyük. In: Anatolian Studies . 45, 1995, pp. 69-71.
  • Volkert Haas : History of the Hittite Religion. In: BTE. 1/15, Brill, Leiden 1994, pp. 445-446, p. 589.
  • Maciej Popko: Zippalanda: A cult center in the Hittite Asia Minor. 1994.
  • Maciej Popko: On the geography of northern central Anatolia in the Hittite period. In: Th. PJ van den Hout, J. de Roos (Ed.): Studio Historiae Ardens: Ancient Near Eastern studies presented to Philo HJ Houwink ten Cate on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologische Instituut, Istanbul 1995, pp. 253-259.
  • Maciej Popko : Zippalanda and Ankuwa once more. In: Journal American Oriental Society. 120/3, 2000, pp. 445-448.
  • Itamar Singer : The AGRIG in the Hittite Texts. In: Anatolian Studies. 34, 1984, pp. 97-127.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Maciej Popko: Arinna. A holy city of the Hittites. (Studies on the Boğazköy Texts, Vol. 50). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-447-05867-4 , p. 4.