Znojmo Dominican monastery
The Znojmo Dominican Monastery , in Czech Kostel Nalezení svatého Kříže ( Church of the Finding of the Cross), is a monastery in Znojmo (Znaim) in the Czech Republic .
history
According to a legend, the Znojmo Dominican monastery was founded shortly before 1222 by King Ottokar I Přemysl on the advice of Holy Hyacinth of Poland . However, this is contradicted by the fact that the oldest Moravian convent of Dominicans in Olomouc was founded no earlier 1230th The first known documentary mention of the Znojmo monastery comes from the year 1243.
However, the building in the east of the city center was not completed until 1250. The new monastery was well endowed from the start. The high level of awareness that was soon achieved made the monastery church a popular destination for pilgrimages, which further increased the monastery’s prosperity.
In 1400 a fire destroyed the monastery including the archive with all title deeds, which is why the early history of the monastery is unclear. The Znojmo Dominicans quickly recovered from this blow. A fire that broke out in the town's brewery destroyed the monastery again. The beginning of the Reformation created additional problems for the order, so that in the end there were only three religious priests in Znojmo.
In 1619 the church, which was being rebuilt, was converted by the Protestants into a prison for around 300 prisoners and the religious were expelled from their monastery. It was only after the Battle of White Mountain on November 8, 1620 that she was able to return to the battered monastery.
Due to the occupation of the city of Znojmo by the Swedes on May 22, 1645, the plan from 1636 for a large-scale new monastery could not be realized. As a result, the Dominican order in Znaim got into economic difficulties, so that Emperor Ferdinand III. had to help out financially.
The church was rebuilt between 1655 and 1666. It was only inaugurated in 1677 by the Auxiliary Bishop Johann Joseph von Breuner from Olomouc . According to an inscription, the monastery itself was completed in 1728. Due to a lack of money, however, after the completion of the west wing according to plans by the architect Franz Ritter de Roetiers, the further planned baroque renovation had to be stopped.
The monastery was damaged by the Prussians in 1742 and 1866 and during the Napoleonic Wars in 1809. A hospital was housed here during the First World War.
After the February coup in 1948 the Tvořihráz monastery was expropriated . In 1950 the Dominican monastery was closed by the communist government and then used for military purposes. After the Velvet Revolution it was restored to its original purpose.
Library
The first indications of the existence of a library in the monastery date from 1550, but five years later it burned down. As a result of this and the occupation of the monastery by the Protestants, the inventory of the library was destroyed to an unknown extent, so that the works collected here through donations, legacies and purchases are of more recent origin.
The Dominicans also used the time of the abolition of monasteries under Joseph II to expand their library. Books from the holdings of the Jesuit and Franciscan monasteries in Znojmo and the Klosterbruck monastery were acquired.
Around 1900 the library was redesigned and modern literature was also introduced.
After the Dominican monastery was closed in 1950, the library with around 13,000 volumes came under the administration of the Brno University Library. About 6,000 historically valuable volumes were hastily sorted out and moved to a depot near Brno . The whereabouts of the remaining books are unknown.
literature
- Anton Huebner, Viktor Huebner, Michael Netoliczka: Memories of the royal. City of Znojmo. According to the manuscripts left behind by the kk pen. District captain Mr. Anton Huebner, edited by Viktor Huebner and Michael Netoliczka. VIII. Delivery
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Handbook of the historical book inventory: Dominican monastery Znaim
- ↑ a b 15th Dominican Monastery ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Handbook of the historical book inventory: Dominican monastery Znaim
- ↑ Handbook of the historical book inventory: Dominican monastery Znaim
Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '22.3 " N , 16 ° 3' 4" E