Zofka Kveder

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Portrait of Zofka Kveder

Zofka Kveder , also Kveder-Jelovšek, pseudonym Dimitrije Gvozdanovic (born April 22, 1878 in Ljubljana, Austria-Hungary ; † November 21, 1926 in Zagreb , Kingdom of Yugoslavia ) was a Slovenian writer , translator and women's rights activist and is considered to be the first major Slovenian figure Women's literature.

Live and act

Zofka Kveder "was the first Slovene writer to gain a reputation outside of Slovene literature, namely in Croatian and Czech literature."

Coming from a broken family, the autodidact published her first stories from 1898 in the newspapers Slovenka , Edinost , Narod , Ljubljanski zvon and Dom in svet , later mainly in the literary magazine Domaci Prijatelj (The Friend of the House), the Kveder 1904 to 1914 edited and used to train young literary talents.

Kveder lived for a short time in Trieste , from 1900 in Prague , where she wrote for Prague politics and translated from Slovenian and Croatian. In 1906 she moved to Agram / Zagreb and ran the weekly supplement for the women's newspaper in the Agramer Tagblatt . From 1917 Kveder published the newspaper Zenski sviejet (The world of women), later Jugoslavenska zena (Yugoslav woman).

Kveder was first married to the Croatian poet Vladimir Jelovšek from 1903 and after the divorce in 1914 from the same year to the publicist and politician Juraj Demetrović.

Politically, the passionate women's rights activist Kveder was initially close to socialism , but turned to Yugoslav nationalism during the First World War .

In her writings, which were shaped by her own bitter youth, Kveder devoted herself militantly to emancipation and sought political, social and cultural education for women. During her time in Zagreb, Kveder also wrote in Croatian. J. Cankar is regarded as a model for her works, which fluctuate between “an open-minded naturalism and soulful neo-romanticism”.

Publications

  • Hanka . Epistle novel 1917.
  • Misterij zene The mystery of women . Short stories in 1900 self-published or commissioned by Schwentner, Laibach known from the review in: The South. 3rd year, No. 92 v. November 10, 1900, p. 7.
  • Three sketches from: Zofka Kveder "Woman's Mystery" . In: Documents of Women. Vol. 4, No. 19, 1901, pp. 617 ff.
  • Odsevi . (Reflections) sloven. V Gorici 1902 (signature of the ÖNB: 398054-A.4.Per)
  • Iz nasih krajev . (From our area.) Sloven. Schwentner, V Ljubljani 1903 (signature of the ÖNB: 426748-B)
  • Domaci Prijatelj. Tekst uredila Zofka Kveder-Jelovkova . (The house friend). Binko in Zika, Praga 1904–1914 (signature of the ÖNB: 453483-B.Per)
  • Nada . (The "Nada".) Boh. V Praze 1907 (signature of the ÖNB: 432377-A.4,4.Per)
  • Vesnicke povidky . (Village stories.) V Praze 1907 (signature of the ÖNB: 393846-A.222)
  • Amerikanci . (The Americans.) Sloven. V Ljubljani 1908 (signature of the ÖNB: 395215-B.20.Per)
  • Ze zivota zahrebske sluzky . (From the life of an Agram maid.) Praha 1909 (signature of the ÖNB: 432377-A.5,3)
  • Povidky. Dil 1-2. (Stories 1st – 2nd part) boh. V. Praze 1910 (signature of the ÖNB: 432377-A.7,1-2.Per and 432377-A.1,6.Per)
  • Vlada a Marja . (Vladimir and Maria.) Boh. Grossmann & Svoboda, V Praze 1913 (signature of the ÖNB: 467967-B.3,6)
  • Njeno življenje. - 1. izd., 1. natis. DZS, Ljubljana 2005. - 188 pages - (Zbirka slovenska zgodba; 45) (signature of the ÖNB 1790637-B). In German: your life. Translated from the Slovenian by Daniela Kocmut . Klagenfurt: Drava, Mohorjeva / Hermagoras, Wieser 2013. ( Slovenian library .)

literature

  • Karl Linhart: Slovenian women's movement. In: Katja Mihurko Poniž: Drzno drugacna: Zofka Kveder in podobe ženskosti. Delta, Ljubljana 2003. (Summary in German) (Signature of ÖNB: 1788651-B)
  • Katja Mihurko Poniž: Kveder, Zofka (first married name, Kveder-Jelovsek; second married name, Kveder-Demetrović) (1878–1926). In: Francisca de Haan (Ed.): A Biographical Dictionary of Women’s Movements and Feminisms. Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe, 19th and 20th Centuries. CEU Press, Budapest ( inter alia) 2006, ISBN 963-7326-39-1 , pp. 282-285.
  • Lexicon of women in two volumes. Encyclios Verlag, Zurich 1954.
  • Documents of women. Vol. 6, No. 16, 1901, pp. 449 ff.
  • Marija Mitrović: History of Slovenian Literature. From the beginning to the present. Klagenfurt 2001, ISBN 3-85013-834-8 .
  • Austrian biographical lexicon 1815-1950 . Graz / Cologne 1957 ff.
  • Review of “Misterij zene”. In: The South. Organ for the political, cultural and economic interests of Croatians etc. Slovenes. 3rd year, No. 92 v. November 10, 1900, p. 7.
  • Natascha Vittorelli: "(...) some pages of the female soul and female fate (...)": on Zofka Kveder's first work "Misterij zene". In: Slavica Jakelic, J. Varsoke (Ed.): Crossing boundaries. From Syria to Slovakia (= IWM Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences. Volume 14). Vienna 2003.
  • Natascha Vittorelli: Silent, played down, excused: anti-Semitism in Zofka Kveder's letter novel “Hanka”. In: Challenge Eastern Europe. The disclosure of stereotypical images (= series of publications by the Austrian Institute for East and Southeast Europe. Volume 29). Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-486-56837-X , pp. 176–193.

Web links

Commons : Zofka Kveder  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Marija Mitrović: History of Slovene Literature. From the beginning to the present. Klagenfurt 2001, ISBN 3-85013-834-8 , p. 318 ff.
  2. ^ Austrian biographical lexicon 1815-1950 . Graz / Cologne 1957 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Kveder, Zofka
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kveder-Jelovsek, Zofka (real name); Gvozdanovic, Dimitrije (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Slovenian writer, translator, women's rights activist and first major appearance in Slovenian women's literature
DATE OF BIRTH April 22, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Laibach
DATE OF DEATH November 21, 1926
Place of death Zagreb