Zoroaster (ship)

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Zoroaster
The Zoroasters
The Zoroasters
Ship data
Ship type Tank steamer
Owner Branobel (subsidiary of Nobel)
Shipyard Motala Varv , Norrkoping
Keel laying 1878
Commissioning 1879
Ship dimensions and crew
measurement ? GRT
Machine system
machine 1 × steam engine
propeller 1 × fixed propeller
Transport capacities
Load capacity 250 dw

The Zoroaster (Russian "Зороастр"; subsidiary form of: Zarathustra ) was an oil tanker of the Swedish entrepreneur Ludvig Nobel , which was completed in 1878 and commissioned in 1879. It is considered to be the world's first modern oil tanker.

history

Since there was a lack of wood in the area around Baku ( Azerbaijan ) as well as a lack of suitable coopers to produce sufficient oil barrels, Ludvig Nobel, who had been using a license to exploit Baku naphtha springs since 1874, left the Motala Varv shipyard in Norrköping (Sweden) construct a new type of tanker for the transport of oil as a liquid bulk cargo for inland traffic on the Caspian Sea .

The shipyard then designed the steamer Zoroaster with 21 built-in cylindrical cistern tanks and an oil-fired boiler system arranged amidships. After the construction in Sweden, the ship was first dismantled and then transported in sections with inland barges over canals and the Volga (> 3000 km as the crow flies) to Baku, where it was reassembled and put into operation. The vertical cistern tanks were later taken out again, the engine area was sealed off with water-filled cofferdams and most of the ship's space except for the double floor was used as a tank. In this way, one of the decisive technical steps in shipbuilding for the construction of later modern oil tankers was carried out on the ship.

The plans to build the Zoroaster formed one of the foundations of the leading Swedish shipbuilding engineer at the Motala shipyard, S. Alquist, for the construction of later tankers such as the Moses or Petrolea .

The Zoroaster served the Branobel company for around 30 years as an inland tanker between Baku and Astrakhan on the Volga.

The Zoroaster , sunk after the Second World War , has served as the foundation for the main settlement of the oil platform town of Neft Daslari .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MAN SE: The world's first oil tanker
  2. ^ Spiegel Online, One Day (November 12, 2012): Floating City Neft Dashlari - Stalin's Atlantis

literature

  • Jochen Brennecke: Tanker: From the petroleum clipper to the super tanker . Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1975, ISBN 3-7822-0066-7 .

Web links