Zospeum alpestre

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Zospeum alpestre
Systematics
Order : Lung snails (pulmonata)
Subordination : Eupulmonata
Superfamily : Ellobioidea
Family : Dwarf horn snails (Carychiidae)
Genre : Zospeum
Type : Zospeum alpestre
Scientific name
Zospeum alpestre
( Freyer , 1855)

Zospeum alpestre is a very small species of snail from the family of dwarf horn snails (Carychiidae) in the order of thepulmonate snails (Pulmonata).

features

The low, egg to conical housing is about 1.2 to 1.8 mm high and 1.0 to 1.2 mm wide. It has five strongly arched turns with a deep seam. The apex is quite pointed, the end turn taking up about half the total height of the case. The mouth is rounded to pear-shaped and slightly indented on the periphery. The slightly turned-back edge of the mouth is somewhat thickened. The margins are connected by an annular callus. A parietal tooth protrudes into the mouth and sits near the spindle. A spiral (tooth) is developed on the dorsal side of the spindle. The navel cleft is straight. The housing is whitish and translucent, the surface is smooth.

The animals are blind. The radula is comparatively short with only about 36 transverse rows, there are about 40 plate-like elements per transverse row.

Geographical distribution, habitat and way of life

The distribution area of ​​the species extends over southern Austria, Slovenia, Croatia and northern Italy.

The species is a compulsory cave dweller. The blind animals live on the damp cave walls and under the stones lying there. They eat detritus and organic crusts that they graze on the cave clay or the cave walls, or they graze on rotting wood that has been washed into the caves.

Taxonomy

The taxon was set up in 1855 by Heinrich Freyer, who was then curator at the Trieste Museum, as the Carychium alpestre . Type locality is the Dioja griča cave, Velika planina in the Steiner Alps , Slovenia . Today the taxon is placed in accordance with the genus Zospeum . There are currently four subspecies:

  • Zospeum alpestre alpestre (Freyer, 1855)
  • Zospeum alpestre bolei Slapnik, 1991
  • Zospeum alpestre kupitzense Stummer, 1984
  • Zospeum alpestre likanum Bole, 1960

Danger

The species is endangered in Carinthia (category 2).

supporting documents

literature

  • Stephan Clessin: The mollusc fauna of Austria-Hungary and Switzerland. Pp. 1-858. Nürnberg, Bauer & Raspe, 1887 [online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org].
  • Michael P. Kerney, Robert AD Cameron, Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. Paul Parey, Hamburg / Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 , 384 pages (here p. 76).
  • Heinz Christian Maier: Rediscovery of a Carinthian cave snail Zospeum alpestre (Freyer, 1855). In: Carinthia II. Volume 165, Klagenfurt 1975, pp. 295-296 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  • Rajko Slapnik, Roman Ozimec: Distribution of the genus Zospeum Bourguignat 1856 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Ellobiidae) in Croatia. Natura Croatica 13 (2), Zagreb 2004, pp. 115-135 ( PDF ).
  • Anton Stummer: A new subspecies of the cave snail Zospeum alpestre (Freyer) from the Kupitzklamm near Eisenkappel, Carinthia (Basommatophora: Ellobiidae). Heldia, 1984.
  • Paul Mildner: Another place where Zospeum alpestre (Freyer 1855) was found in Austria. Communications of the Zoological Society Braunau, 2 (9/10), Braunau 1976, pp. 241–242 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Freyer: About newly discovered Conchylia from the sexes Carychium and Pterocera. Meeting reports of the mathematical and natural science class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, 15 (1), Vienna 1855, pp. 18-23 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  2. ^ Zospeum at Fauna Europaea
  3. ^ Paul Mildner, Ursula Rathmayer: Red list of the molluscs of Carinthia (Mollusca). In: WE Holzinger, Paul Mildner, T. Rottenburg, C. Wieser (eds.): Red lists of endangered animals in Carinthia. Naturschutz in Kärnten, 15, Klagenfurt 1999, pp. 643-662 ( PDF , p. 648).

On-line

Web links