Preparations for washing up
Preparations for rinsing ( Latin: Praeparationes ad irrigationem ) is the name of a monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia . It defines the quality requirements for medicinal preparations intended for rinsing wounds, body cavities and surfaces. These are aqueous solutions with a large volume that can contain one or more active ingredients, electrolytes or osmotically active substances.
application
The preparations for rinsing are used for the mechanical cleaning of body cavities, wounds and surfaces. For example, before surgical interventions, the surfaces can be cleaned with a suitable preparation for rinsing. For optimal wound treatment, wound irrigation should be carried out every time the dressing is changed in order to flush plaque , necrosis particles , dirt, germs, dressing residues, cell debris from the wound edge and bedrock and toxins from the wound, and to enable wound assessment. It is to be used in all wounds and wound stages so that infections can be reduced or avoided. To avoid irritation, the preparations can be warmed to body temperature before use . However, the temperature should be at least 28 ° C.
The 0.9 percent sodium chloride and Ringer's solution are often used as rinsing preparations. With prolonged flushing or permanent wetting, the administration of sodium chloride solution can lead to electrolyte shifts, which can be prevented by switching to solutions that contain essential ions of the extracellular space , such as Ringer's solution. Ringer's solution is made by dissolving sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride in water for injection purposes and, depending on the variant (Ringer's lactate, Ringer's acetate solution), it may also contain sodium hydrogen carbonate , sodium acetate or sodium lactate and magnesium chloride .
In the case of infectious wounds, wound antiseptics can also be used. They destroy the bacterial cell wall and inhibit their enzyme activity . Since they also attack healthy tissue, they should not be overused. Antiseptics such as polyhexanide , decylenamidepropyl, betaine and octenidine have a broad spectrum of activity, resistances and allergies are not known and wound healing is not significantly affected. They are colorless and therefore do not affect the assessment of the wound.
Auxiliary materials
By adding electrolytes (e.g. sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride), rinsing solutions can be adapted to the blood isotonia and adjusted to the physiological pH value of the blood.
Active ingredient-free rinsing solutions for body cavities and wounds, such as B. Hemodialysis solutions are medical products .
If the preparation consists only of water for injections, it can be called water for rinsing.
Containers
The preparations are packed in single-dose containers, in which the use of infusion equipment is not possible, in order to avoid confusion with an intravenous infusion. The containers must be designed in such a way that the ingress of microorganisms is not possible.
The nominal volume of the preparation must be taken from the container.
conditions
Rinse preparations should be sterile, pyrogen-free, and clear and particulate-free upon visual inspection. The number of bacterial endotoxins must be below 0.5 IU per milliliter of solution. In most cases, the preparations are adapted to the physiological pH value of the blood between 7.36 and 7.42 and to the blood isotonia and are therefore free from irritation and pain. They must not be tissue damaging or corrosive.
The preparations are intended for single use only. Leftovers must be disposed of after use.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b European Pharmacopoeia, 8th edition. Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 978-3-7692-6895-9 .
- ↑ a b RINGER Bichsel Inf Lös 100ml Pl Fl o Best. In: compendium.ch. Retrieved July 20, 2017 .
- ^ Karl-Heinz Frömming, Claus Führer, Bernhard C. Lippold, Christel Müller-Goymann, Rolf Schubert: Pharmaceutical Technology . With an introduction to biopharmacy and biotechnology. 10th, revised and updated edition. Scientific publishing company, Stuttgart 2017, ISBN 978-3-8047-3268-1 .
