Toblach

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Toblach
( Dobbiaco )
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Toblach
 map
Toblach in South Tyrol - Positionskarte.svg
State : Italy
Region : Trentino-South Tyrol
Province : Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community : Val Pusteria
Inhabitants :
(VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) 		3.316 / 3.346
Language groups :
(according to 2011 census ) 		84.10% German
15.58% Italian
0.32% Ladin
Coordinates 46 ° 44 '  N , 12 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 46 ° 44 '  N , 12 ° 13'  E
Altitude : 1.220– 3146  m slm (center: 1256  m slm )
Surface: 126.33 km²
Permanent settlement area: 11.5 km²
Parliamentary groups : Churches, elections
Neighboring municipalities: Auronzo di Cadore , Cortina d'Ampezzo , Gsies , Innervillgraten , Innichen , Niederdorf , Braies , Sesto
Postal code : 39034
Area code : 0474
ISTAT number: 021028
Tax number: 81003690211
Mayor  (2015): Guido Bocher (Independent)

Toblach ( Italian Dobbiaco) is an Italian municipality with 3346 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the South Tyrolean Puster Valley . The center is located on the Toblacher Feld , a large European watershed. The municipality is famous for its Dolomite peaks, including the Three Peaks , and as a winter sports resort.

geography

View over the Toblacher Feld to the entrance of the Höhlenstein valley; Alt-Toblach in the foreground, New-Toblach behind

The municipality of Toblach in the east of South Tyrol with its 126.33 km² can be divided into three parts: The village center is located on the Toblacher Feld in the east-west direction of the Pustertal ; in the north the municipality includes parts of the Villgraten mountains ; in the south Dobbiaco extends far into the Dolomites .

The Toblacher Feld is a valley widening in Alta Pusteria , which is formed by the confluence of the Höhlenstein valley from the south and the Silvester valley from the north. It is a watershed of European significance: The in Toblacher field with the New Year's Eve Bach meet one another Rienz flows from here to the West and eventually drained via Isarco and Adige into the Adriatic Sea ; the Drau , which rises on the slopes above the eastern edge of the Toblacher Feld , turns to the east, where its waters reach the Black Sea via the Danube . The community center (old) Toblach (1220- 1260  m slm ) is on a alluvial fan formed of coming from the north Silvester Bach. On the opposite side of the valley at the input of southern New Höhlensteintals Dobbiaco (1210 1220  m ) that gradually grows together to the old center. Which is located at the valley slopes north-west of Alt-Toblach fraction Aufkirchen (1280 1340  m ). In the west, the Dobbiaco part of the Puster Valley borders on Niederdorf , in the east on Innichen .

To the north of the Toblacher Feld rise the Villgraten Mountains, which are accessible from Toblach through the Silvestertal. At the entrance of Silvestertals the fraction is elections (1300- 1340  m ), continue in Talinneren are smaller hamlets . In the northeast, the part of the Villgraten Mountains on the ridge belonging to Toblach, which forms the Italian-Austrian border with the state of Tyrol , reaches its highest points. Here, among other things, the Toblacher Pfannhorn ( 2663  m ) and the Markinkele ( 2545  m ) separate Toblach from Innervillgraten in East Tyrol's Villgratental . In the north-west the mountains gradually descend to a wooded ridge, over which the municipal boundary to Gsies runs in the Gsieser Tal .

The Three Peaks of the northeastern Dreizinnenhütte seen from

The largest section of the Dobbiaco municipality extends over a long strip of territory that extends south into the Dolomites. This area is crossed by the Höhlensteintal, in which the young Rienz flows, in a north-south direction. In the valley floor in the north - near the valley exit - there is the Toblacher See ( 1259  m ), in the south there is the hamlet Höhlenstein ( 1400  m ), the Dürrensee ( 1406  m ) and Schluderbach ( 1440  m ). On the west side of the valley mountains rise the Prags Dolomites , the Toblach of Prague in Prags Valley separate and entirely in the Fanes-Senes-Braies Nature Park is under protection, including the Dürrenstein ( 2839  m ), the Light Taler bad ( 2,711  m ) and the Geierwand ( 2088  m ). At the southern end of the Höhlenstein valley, Toblach, which rises to the Hohen Gaisl ( 3,146  m ) with a narrow strip of territory, meets two municipalities in the province of Belluno ( Veneto ): Cortina d'Ampezzo in the southwest, with which it is connected by the Gemärkpass ( 1,530  m ) is, and Auronzo di Cadore in the southeast. Towards the Cadore , Toblach is limited by the Monte Piana ( 2324  m ), the Passportenkopf ( 2719  m ) and the most famous Toblach summit, the Three Peaks ( 2999  m ). These three mountain massifs and all other elevations on the east side of the Höhlensteintal are counted among the Sesto Dolomites and are part of the Drei Zinnen nature park . These include, for example, in the extreme southwest of the Toblach municipality area, the Toblinger Node ( 2617  m ) and the Paternkofel ( 2744  m ), between which the transition to the Fischlein Valley is possible in the municipality of Sexten , or a little to the north - surrounded by the Höhlensteintal, the Pustertal and the zu Innerfeldtal belonging to San Candido - the Haunold group with the Haunold ( 2966  m ) and the Birkenkofel ( 2922  m ).


Average monthly temperatures and precipitation for Toblach
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -0.4 3.1 7.6 11.6 16.9 21.3 23.0 21.6 16.9 12.3 5.6 -0.7 O 11.6
Min. Temperature (° C) −9.6 −8.5 -4.3 -0.5 4.3 7.7 9.3 9.0 4.6 1.7 -3.1 -8.4 O 0.2
Temperature (° C) -5.0 -2.7 1.6 5.6 10.6 14.5 16.1 15.3 10.7 7.0 1.3 -4.6 O 5.9
Precipitation ( mm ) 24.5 17.0 35.4 55.6 69.1 91.4 112.8 109.5 79.0 57.7 72.2 42.8 Σ 767
Rainy days ( d ) 5 4th 5 8th 11 11 12 13 8th 7th 7th 6th Σ 97
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
-0.4
−9.6
3.1
−8.5
7.6
-4.3
11.6
-0.5
16.9
4.3
21.3
7.7
23.0
9.3
21.6
9.0
16.9
4.6
12.3
1.7
5.6
-3.1
-0.7
-8.4
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		24.5
17.0
35.4
55.6
69.1
91.4
112.8
109.5
79.0
57.7
72.2
42.8
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: monthly values ​​for temperatures and monthly values ​​for precipitation . Provincial weather service of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol (period 2000-2010)

history

Toblach around 1900

Settlement of Dobbiaco may have started during the Hallstatt period. It was first mentioned in a document in the year 827 in the so-called Quartinus document, when Bishop Hitto von Freising, as rector of Innichen Abbey, transferred the Breonian Nurihtaler Quarti (nus) fiefdom “in vico Duplago” . The basis for Toblach's development was the old Strada d'Alemagna trade route , which turns from the Puster Valley into the Höhlenstein Valley and connected the economic centers of Venice and Augsburg at the time . Duke Tassilo I defeated the Slavs on the Dobbiaco field.

In the 9th century the Benedictine monks of San Candido built the first church in Toblach.

During the First World War , Toblach was close to the front line. The parish church and many buildings were destroyed by shelling.

Due to the development of the Pustertal by the railroad in 1871, tourism for the community became very important. As a result, the Neu-Toblach settlement was built in the vicinity of the Toblach train station .

Until 1963, the Toblach train station was also the starting point for the Dolomite Railway .

politics

Municipal Council (2015)
   
A total of 18 seats

Mayor since 1952:

  • Johann Baur: 1952–1956
  • Josef Pircher: 1956–1964
  • Anton Mair: 1964–1969
  • Jakob Ranalter: 1969–1980
  • Heinrich Stauder: 1980–1990
  • Bernhard Mair: 1990–2010
  • Guido Bocher: since 2010

Up until 2010 all mayors belonged to the South Tyrolean People's Party , with Guido Bocher for the first time an independent candidate and at the same time a representative of the Italian language group won the mayoral elections.

education

Toblach is the seat of both a German and an Italian-speaking school district . The offers of the German-speaking area, which also includes facilities in Niederdorf and Braies , include a primary and a middle school in the main town of Toblach and a primary school in Wahlen. The Italian-speaking district - the only one in Hochpustertal - also manages a primary and a middle school in Toblach, as well as a primary school in the neighboring community of San Candido.

Culture and sights

Grandhotel Toblach (Dobbiaco)
Gustav-Mahler-Stube Altschluderbach (Toblach)
Gustav Mahler's little composing house in Toblach (Altschluderbach district)

Buildings

Buildings worth seeing in Toblach are:

  • the parish church of St. John the Baptist : a baroque church built on the foundations of a Romanesque and later a Gothic church; it is one of the stately baroque churches in the Puster Valley
  • the oldest way of the cross in Tyrol: 5 passion chapels along Maximilianstrasse
  • the Gothic pilgrimage church in Aufkirchen, built 1470–1475. The Gothic central relief and the side figures are remarkable
  • the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Toblach , built in 1578 by the brothers Hans and Georg von Graben zum Stein
  • the parish church of St. Nicholas in Wahlen, built in 1512
  • the "Old Church" of Frondeigen
  • the Grand Hotel Toblach , with nature park house
  • the Herbstenburg residence built in 1500 by the brothers Konrad and Christoph von Herbst
  • the "Red Tower", built in 1430
  • the Gustav Mahler house with composer's house: the composer spent his summer vacation in Toblach from 1908 to 1910; The annual Gustav Mahler Weeks take place as a souvenir
  • St. Peter am Kofl above Aufkirchen was a place of refuge for priests during the time of the Great Migration and is the oldest religious sanctuary in Alta Pusteria. It was first mentioned in 1329. The path of reflection leads to this place.
  • War cemetery and open-air museum Monte Piana in the Höhlenstein valley.

Lakes

The following lakes are located in the Höhlenstein valley south of Toblach:

Dobbiaco prose prize

Since 2001, the municipality of Dobbiaco has been awarding the Dobbiaco prose prize at irregular intervals - Palazzo al Bosco for literary works that deal with "border crossings and borderline experiences". After Barbara Honigmann , for her work Alles, alles Liebe , Martin Pollack is the second winner in 2006 for his novel Der Tote im Bunker. Report on my father . The award, also borne by the South Tyrolean provincial government, is endowed with 5,000 euros. Associated with the honor is the promise to translate the respective work into Italian.

Talks in Toblach

In 1985, the politically and ecologically committed artist Hans Glauber initiated the Toblach Talks in his place of birth , a forum for questions about sustainable business practices and environmental protection, which has taken place annually since then and was continued by curator Wolfgang Sachs after Hans Glauber's death in 2008 and since 2010 (As of 2018) is managed by Sachs together with Karl-Ludwig Schibel. The Toblach library, which has been run full-time since 1987, was transferred to a new building next to the middle school in 2010; In March 2010, the local council decided to name the library Hans Glauber .

tourism

Toblach is a popular holiday destination. In summer as in winter it invites you to a variety of activities. In summer especially hiking and climbing as well as cycling and mountain biking. The cross-border bike path from Toblach to Lienz in neighboring Austria is particularly popular with families . Toblach is connected to the cross-country ski trail network of the Alta Pusteria, which includes over 200 trails. Among other Dobbiaco has a cross-country stadium and on FIS homologated trails, it is also the starting point of the popular cross-country skiing Toblach-Cortina , since 2009 regular stage on the Tour de Ski and venue of the cross-country skiing World Cup . In winter the landscape is well suited for excursions with snowshoes, for ski tours and for winter hiking. The Toblacher See is a popular local recreation area.

Personalities

literature

  • Hans Kramer: Contributions to the history of Toblach in the last century. In: The Sciliar . 1953, pp. 401-411.
  • Martin Lercher: Churches of Toblach, Aufkirchen and elections . Pluristamp, Bozen 2005.
  • Hans-Günter Richardi : Guests, shine and shells: Toblach and the Höhlensteintal at the focus of South Tyrolean history . Edition Raetia, Bozen 2012, ISBN 978-88-7283-422-0 .
  • Alois Trenkwalder: History of the parish of Toblach . Dissertation. Salzburg 1970.

Web links

Commons : Toblach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Doblach in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 1: By the year 1140 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 61-64, No. 86 .
  2. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Toblach school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network , accessed on October 25, 2014 .
  4. ↑ School district Toblach - Hochpustertal. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network, accessed on October 25, 2014 .
  5. ↑ Hans Glauber. Dobbiaco Library, accessed on 23 August 2018 .